Roberto B, Gemignani F, Morizzo C, Lori A, Rossi A, Antonelli A, Di Pretoro G, Panasiuk G, Ballardin M
Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Uomo e dell'Ambiente, Università di Pisa, Via S. Giuseppe, n. 22, 56100 Pisa, Italy.
Mutat Res. 1998 Aug 31;405(1):89-95. doi: 10.1016/s0027-5107(98)00118-3.
During 1994, 19 thyroid tumor-affected children and 17 healthy children from the Gomel region, one of the areas most polluted by the Chernobyl fallout, were analysed for (i) the presence of in their urine and (ii) chromosome aberrations (CA) in circulating lymphocytes. They were compared with 35 healthy children from Pisa, Italy. Tumor-affected children showed significantly (p<0.05) higher levels in their urine as compared to healthy controls from the Gomel region. No radioactivity was found in urine from the Pisa controls. CA frequency was significantly higher in tumor-affected children compared to the Gomel controls, but was not significantly different between Gomel and Pisa controls. However, dicentric chromosomes were found in a significantly (p<0.01) greater proportion in both affected and healthy Gomel children (3.4 and 1.3/1000 cells, respectively) as compared to the Pisa controls (0.4/1000 cells). Multiple regression analysis showed that the proportion of cells with acentric fragments, dicentric and ring chromosomes was significantly correlated (p<0.05) with the amount of excreted in their urine. These findings suggest that children from the Gomel region were still being exposed to radionuclides, which makes it possible to study a dose-effect relationship.
1994年期间，对来自切尔诺贝利核事故沉降物污染最严重的地区之一戈梅利地区的19名患甲状腺肿瘤儿童和17名健康儿童进行了分析，检测他们尿液中的（i）物质以及（ii）循环淋巴细胞中的染色体畸变（CA）情况。将他们与来自意大利比萨的35名健康儿童进行比较。与戈梅利地区的健康对照相比，患肿瘤儿童尿液中的水平显著更高（p<0.05）。比萨对照儿童的尿液中未发现放射性物质。与戈梅利对照相比，患肿瘤儿童的CA频率显著更高，但戈梅利对照与比萨对照之间无显著差异。然而，与比萨对照（0.4/1000个细胞）相比，戈梅利地区患肿瘤儿童和健康儿童中双着丝粒染色体的比例显著更高（分别为3.4和1.3/1000个细胞，p<0.01）。多元回归分析表明，无着丝粒片段、双着丝粒和环状染色体的细胞比例与尿液中排出的物质数量显著相关（p<0.05）。这些发现表明，戈梅利地区的儿童仍在接触放射性核素，这使得研究剂量效应关系成为可能。
