Starling R D, Toth M J, Carpenter W H, Matthews D E, Poehlman E T
Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Metabolic Research, Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, USA.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1998 Sep;85(3):1063-9. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1998.85.3.1063.
Determinants of daily energy needs and physical activity are unknown in free-living elderly. This study examined determinants of daily total energy expenditure (TEE) and free-living physical activity in older women (n = 51; age = 67 +/- 6 yr) and men (n = 48; age = 70 +/- 7 yr) by using doubly labeled water and indirect calorimetry. Using multiple-regression analyses, we predicted TEE by using anthropometric, physiological, and physical activity indexes. Data were collected on resting metabolic rate (RMR), body composition, peak oxygen consumption (VO2 peak), leisure time activity, and plasma thyroid hormone. Data adjusted for body composition were not different between older women and men, respectively (in kcal/day): TEE, 2,306 +/- 647 vs. 2,456 +/- 666; RMR, 1,463 +/- 244 vs. 1,378 +/- 249; and physical activity energy expenditure, 612 +/- 570 vs. 832 +/- 581. In a subgroup of 70 women and men, RMR and VO2 peak explained approximately two-thirds of the variance in TEE (R2 = 0.62; standard error of the estimate = +/-348 kcal/day). Crossvalidation of this equation in the remaining 29 women and men was successful, with no difference between predicted and measured TEE (2,364 +/- 398 and 2,406 +/- 571 kcal/day, respectively). The strongest predictors of physical activity energy expenditure (P < 0.05) for women and men were VO2 peak (r = 0.43), fat-free mass (r = 0.39), and body mass (r = 0.34). In summary, RMR and VO2 peak are important independent predictors of energy requirements in the elderly. Furthermore, cardiovascular fitness and fat-free mass are moderate predictors of physical activity in free-living elderly.
在自由生活的老年人中，每日能量需求和身体活动的决定因素尚不清楚。本研究通过使用双标水和间接测热法，对老年女性（n = 51；年龄 = 67±6岁）和男性（n = 48；年龄 = 70±7岁）的每日总能量消耗（TEE）和自由生活身体活动的决定因素进行了研究。通过多元回归分析，我们使用人体测量、生理和身体活动指标来预测TEE。收集了静息代谢率（RMR）、身体成分、峰值耗氧量（VO2峰值）、休闲时间活动和血浆甲状腺激素的数据。经身体成分调整后的数据，老年女性和男性之间无差异，分别为（千卡/天）：TEE，2306±647对2456±666；RMR，1463±244对1378±249；身体活动能量消耗，612±570对832±581。在70名女性和男性的亚组中，RMR和VO2峰值解释了TEE中约三分之二的方差（R2 = 0.62；估计标准误差 =±348千卡/天）。该方程在其余29名女性和男性中的交叉验证成功，预测的TEE和测量的TEE之间无差异（分别为2364±398和2406±571千卡/天）。女性和男性身体活动能量消耗的最强预测因素（P < 0.05）是VO2峰值（r = 0.43）、去脂体重（r = 0.39）和体重（r = 0.34）。总之，RMR和VO2峰值是老年人能量需求的重要独立预测因素。此外，心血管健康和去脂体重是自由生活老年人身体活动的中度预测因素。
