Arceneaux K A, Taboada J, Hosgood G
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge 70803, USA.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1998 Sep 1;213(5):658-64.
To characterize diagnostic results, treatment, and outcome of dogs with blastomycosis during a 15-year period in Louisiana.
Retrospective case series.
115 dogs with blastomycosis.
Medical records were reviewed for dogs with blastomycosis examined between 1980 and 1995. Additional data were collected from the state veterinary diagnostic laboratory, via telephone interviews of owners, and by use of a random survey of the hospital population.
Blastomycosis was detected mainly in young, large-breed dogs. Proximity to a body of water was a significant risk factor for affected dogs. Most dogs were affected in January and August through October. Clinical signs and results of physical examination reflected the multisystemic nature of the disease. Commonly affected systems included the respiratory tract and lymphatic, ocular, and cutaneous systems. Nodular interstitial and interstitial patterns were common findings on thoracic radiographs. Cytologic examination was successful in identifying organisms in samples from vitreous, skin, and lymph nodes. Similar results were achieved for dogs treated with a combination of amphotericin B and ketoconazole, compared with dogs treated with itraconazole.
Results of this study should assist veterinarians with the recognition and management of blastomycosis in dogs. Blastomycosis should be considered as a differential diagnosis for large-breed dogs that live close to a body of water in areas in which the disease is endemic or in dogs with a history of being transported to endemic areas that subsequently develop signs of pulmonary, ocular, lymphatic, or cutaneous disease. Treatment with itraconazole was as effective as treatment with a combination of amphotericin B and ketoconazole.
描述路易斯安那州15年间患有芽生菌病犬的诊断结果、治疗及预后情况。
回顾性病例系列研究。
115只患有芽生菌病的犬。
对1980年至1995年间接受检查的患有芽生菌病犬的病历进行回顾。通过与州兽医诊断实验室联系、对犬主进行电话访谈以及对医院群体进行随机调查收集额外数据。
芽生菌病主要在年轻的大型犬中被检测到。靠近水体是患病犬的一个重要危险因素。大多数犬在1月以及8月至10月患病。临床症状和体格检查结果反映了该疾病的多系统性质。常见受累系统包括呼吸道、淋巴系统、眼部和皮肤系统。结节状间质和间质型是胸部X光片的常见表现。细胞学检查成功地在玻璃体、皮肤和淋巴结样本中鉴定出病原体。与接受伊曲康唑治疗的犬相比，接受两性霉素B和酮康唑联合治疗的犬也取得了相似的结果。
本研究结果应有助于兽医识别和管理犬芽生菌病。对于生活在该病流行地区靠近水体的大型犬，或有被运输到流行地区病史且随后出现肺部、眼部、淋巴或皮肤疾病症状的犬，应将芽生菌病视为鉴别诊断。伊曲康唑治疗与两性霉素B和酮康唑联合治疗同样有效。
