Marino F, Booth J
Human Movement Unit, Charles Sturt University, New South Wales, Australia.
J Sci Med Sport. 1998 Jun;1(2):73-82. doi: 10.1016/s1440-2440(98)80015-7.
This study investigated the potential use of whole body cooling by water immersion for lowering body temperatures prior to endurance exercise. Rectal temperature (Tre), mean skin temperature (Tsk), oxygen consumption (VO2), and ventilation (VE) were measured in 7 male and 3 female subjects who were immersed in a water bath for up to 60 min. Initial water temperature was 28.8+/-1.5 degrees C and decreased to 23.8+/-1.1 degrees C by the end of immersion. Pre-immersion Tre of 37.34+/-0.36 degrees C was not altered by 60 min water immersion but decreased to 36.64+/-0.34 degrees C at 3 min post immersion (p < 0.01). Tsk decreased from 33.23+/-1.4 degrees C to 26.95+/-1.8 degrees C (p < 0.01) at the end of immersion. Reductions in Tre and Tsk resulted in reduced body heat content (Hc) of approximately 545 kJ (p < 0.01) at the end of immersion. VO2 and VE increased from pre-immersion values of 0.34+/-0.08 L x min(-1) and 6.2+/-1.4 L x min(-1) to 0.54+/-0.09 L x min(-) and 11.5+/-5.4 L x min(-1) at the end of immersion, respectively. Heart rate remained unchanged throughout immersion. These results indicate that whole body immersion in moderately cold water temperatures is an effective cooling maneuver for lowering body temperatures and body Hc in the absence of severe physiological responses generally associated with sudden cold stress.
本研究调查了通过水浸进行全身冷却在耐力运动前降低体温的潜在用途。对7名男性和3名女性受试者进行了直肠温度（Tre）、平均皮肤温度（Tsk）、耗氧量（VO2）和通气量（VE）的测量，这些受试者被浸入水浴中长达60分钟。初始水温为28.8±1.5摄氏度，到浸泡结束时降至23.8±1.1摄氏度。浸泡前Tre为37.34±0.36摄氏度，60分钟的水浸未使其改变，但浸泡后3分钟时降至36.64±0.34摄氏度（p<0.01）。浸泡结束时，Tsk从33.23±1.4摄氏度降至26.95±1.8摄氏度（p<0.01）。Tre和Tsk的降低导致浸泡结束时身体热含量（Hc）减少约545千焦（p<0.01）。浸泡结束时，VO2和VE分别从浸泡前的0.34±0.08升/分钟和6.2±1.4升/分钟增加到0.54±0.09升/分钟和11.5±5.4升/分钟。整个浸泡过程中心率保持不变。这些结果表明，在不存在通常与突然冷应激相关的严重生理反应的情况下，全身浸入适度冷水温度是一种有效降低体温和身体Hc的冷却措施。
