Wentink G H
Acta Anat (Basel). 1976;96(1):70-80. doi: 10.1159/000144662.
This study was performed by means of cinephotography and electromyography. The results were correlated with earlier investigations concerning the forces exerted by the pads of walking dogs. A concept about the action of individual muscles of the hind limb during a stride was formed. The principal conclusions are: (1) The hamstrings are divisible into a cranial and a caudal group, the first consisting of the cranial parts of the M. biceps femoris and M. semimembranosus, the second of the caudal parts of these muscles, together with the M. semitendinosus. The chief function of both groups is to extend the hip; the caudal group also flexes the stifle. (2) Activity is present in the greatest number of muscle s during the change in the sense of movement of the limb. (3) During the last stages of the stance phase the number of muscles showing electrical activity diminishes, while the force exerted by the pads in a horizontal direction increases. Non-muscular forces, e.g. inertia, play an important role during movement.
本研究通过电影摄影术和肌电图进行。研究结果与早期关于行走犬脚垫所施加力量的调查结果相关联。形成了关于后肢单个肌肉在一个步幅中作用的概念。主要结论如下：(1) 腘绳肌可分为颅侧组和尾侧组，第一组由股二头肌和半膜肌的颅侧部分组成，第二组由这些肌肉的尾侧部分以及半腱肌组成。两组的主要功能都是伸展髋关节；尾侧组还屈曲膝关节。(2) 在肢体运动方向改变时，活动的肌肉数量最多。(3) 在站立期的最后阶段，显示电活动的肌肉数量减少，而脚垫在水平方向施加的力量增加。非肌肉力量，如惯性，在运动过程中起重要作用。
