Man W D, Weber M, Palmer A, Schneider G, Wadda R, Jaffar S, Mulholland E K, Greenwood B M
Medical Research Council Laboratories, Fajara, The Gambia.
Trop Med Int Health. 1998 Aug;3(8):678-86. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-3156.1998.00283.x.
Admission records from two paediatric units in The Gambia were used to explore the relationship between admission weight and different diseases. In total 13579 hospitalized children were analysed. For comparison, 7399 children were recruited from several surveys of well subjects to provide anthropometric values for healthy Gambian children. Compared to the control children, mean admission weights were lower for malaria (weight for age z-score: -1.602), cerebral malaria (-1.547), transfused malarial anaemia (-1.764), pneumonia (-1.725), meningitis (-1.362), gastro-enteritis (-2.497) and malnutrition (-3.786). Children with bronchiolitis did not have a significantly different weight for age than the controls. Outcome of the hospital admission was recorded and related to the weight on admission. In all disease categories the death rate rose with decreasing admission weight with the exception of bronchiolitis. For all diseases taken together, case fatality was 7.2% for children with a weight for age z-score above -2 Standard Deviations (SD), 9.3% between -2 and -3 SD, 15.6% between -3 and -4 SD and 22.7% for children with weight for age SD z-scores less than -4. Malnourished children are more susceptible to several infectious diseases frequently seen in developing countries and nutritional interventions, as well as standard treatment, may improve outcome.
利用冈比亚两个儿科病房的入院记录来探究入院体重与不同疾病之间的关系。总共对13579名住院儿童进行了分析。为作比较，从几项针对健康受试者的调查中招募了7399名儿童，以提供冈比亚健康儿童的人体测量值。与对照儿童相比，疟疾（年龄别体重Z评分：-1.602）、脑型疟疾（-1.547）、输血性疟疾贫血（-1.764）、肺炎（-1.725）、脑膜炎（-1.362）、胃肠炎（-2.497）和营养不良（-3.786）患儿的平均入院体重较低。毛细支气管炎患儿的年龄别体重与对照组相比无显著差异。记录了住院结局并将其与入院时的体重相关联。除毛细支气管炎外，在所有疾病类别中，死亡率均随着入院体重的降低而上升。对于所有疾病而言，年龄别体重Z评分高于-2标准差（SD）的儿童病死率为7.2%，-2至-3 SD之间的为9.3%，-3至-4 SD之间的为15.6%，年龄别体重SD Z评分低于-4的儿童病死率为22.7%。营养不良的儿童更容易感染发展中国家常见的几种传染病，营养干预以及标准治疗可能会改善结局。
