Vega W A, Kolody B, Aguilar-Gaxiola S, Alderete E, Catalano R, Caraveo-Anduaga J
School of Public Health, University of California-Berkeley, USA.
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1998 Sep;55(9):771-8. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.55.9.771.
The Mexican American Prevalence and Services Survey presents lifetime prevalence rates for 12 DSM-III-R psychiatric disorders in a sample of 3012 adults of Mexican origin by place of residence and nativity, and compares these results with those of population surveys conducted in the United States and Mexico.
The stratified random sample included non-institutionalized persons aged 18 to 59 years of Mexican origin, who were residents of Fresno County, California. Psychiatric disorders were assessed using a modified version of the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview in face-to-face interviews.
Mexican immigrants had lifetime rates similar to those of Mexican citizens, while rates for Mexican Americans were similar to those of the national population of the United States. This difference is attributable to a prevalence rate for any disorder among immigrants of 24.9%, compared with 48.1% among US-born respondents. A higher prevalence for any disorder was reported in urban (35.7%) compared with town (32.1%) or rural (29.8%) areas. Multivariate analyses showed an adjusted effect of country of birth, but not of urban residence.
Despite very low education and income levels, Mexican Americans had lower rates of lifetime psychiatric disorders compared with rates reported for the US population by the National Comorbidity Survey. Psychiatric morbidity among Mexican Americans is primarily influenced by cultural variance rather than socioeconomic status or urban vs rural residence.
墨西哥裔美国人患病率与服务调查呈现了3012名墨西哥裔成年人样本中12种DSM-III-R精神疾病的终生患病率，这些样本根据居住地点和出生地进行分类，并将这些结果与在美国和墨西哥进行的人口调查结果进行比较。
分层随机样本包括居住在加利福尼亚州弗雷斯诺县、年龄在18至59岁的非机构化墨西哥裔人士。精神疾病通过使用世界卫生组织综合国际诊断访谈的修订版在面对面访谈中进行评估。
墨西哥移民的终生患病率与墨西哥公民相似，而墨西哥裔美国人的患病率与美国全国人口相似。这种差异归因于移民中任何疾病的患病率为24.9%，而美国出生的受访者中这一比例为48.1%。据报告，城市地区（35.7%）任何疾病的患病率高于城镇（32.1%）或农村地区（29.8%）。多变量分析显示出生国具有调整后的影响，但城市居住情况没有。
尽管教育和收入水平非常低，但与全国共病调查中报告的美国人口患病率相比，墨西哥裔美国人的终生精神疾病患病率较低。墨西哥裔美国人的精神疾病发病率主要受文化差异影响，而非社会经济地位或城市与农村居住情况。
