Piziali R L, Whitcher C, Sher R, Moffat R J
Anesthesiology. 1976 Nov;45(5):487-94.
Epidemiologic and animal studies identify a strong relationship between chronic exposure to anesthetic gases and health hazards. Efforts to reduce exposure of personnel require an understanding of the distribution of anesthetic waste gases in the operating room air. Concentrations of nitrous oxide and halothane were measured at numerous stations throughout an operating room and a delivery room in the absence of personnel. Air conditioning flow rates and flow patterns were varied, as was the height of the anesthetic gas source. Air flow patterns were found to dominate the anesthetic gas distribution, while buoyancy effects were negligible. Venting waste gases at the floor does not significantly reduce exposure of personnel. Areas of high concentration were observed; their occurrences and locations varied strongly with air flow patterns. The exhaust grille is the best location for a single measurement of the average room concentration. Recirculating air-conditioning systems reduce energy costs; however, only the non-recirculating portion of the air exchanges reduces waste gas concentrations.
流行病学和动物研究表明，长期接触麻醉气体与健康危害之间存在密切关系。减少人员接触需要了解手术室空气中麻醉废气的分布情况。在无人的情况下，对手术室和产房的多个站点测量了一氧化二氮和氟烷的浓度。改变了空调流速和气流模式，以及麻醉气体源的高度。发现气流模式主导麻醉气体分布，而浮力效应可忽略不计。在地面排放废气并不能显著降低人员接触。观察到了高浓度区域；其出现情况和位置随气流模式变化很大。排气格栅是单次测量房间平均浓度的最佳位置。循环空调系统可降低能源成本；然而，只有空气交换中的非循环部分能降低废气浓度。
