Cella D, Hernandez L, Bonomi A E, Corona M, Vaquero M, Shiomoto G, Baez L
Evanston Northwestern Healthcare, IL 60201, USA.
Med Care. 1998 Sep;36(9):1407-18. doi: 10.1097/00005650-199809000-00012.
There is a need in the United States for culture-equivalent assessment of health-related quality of life, particularly among people who speak different languages and among those with low literacy skills. This report summarizes the adaptation of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FACT) Scales for use with Spanish-speaking cancer patients, including those with low literacy.
The Spanish language version of the general Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy scale plus five disease-specific subscales (breast, lung, colorectal, head and neck, HIV infection) were translated, reviewed, and revised, then evaluated in interviews with Spanish-speaking patients from the mainland United States and Puerto Rico. An iterative forward-backward-forward sequence of item translation, expert bilingual/bicultural advisor review, pretesting interviews with 92 patients, and further expert advisory input were used to establish semantic, content, and partial technical equivalence.
The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General and five disease-specific subscales were translated successfully into wording that was easily understood and answered, leading to psychometric and scoring data similar to that of the English version. All but one of the 28 Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General items and all of the disease-specific items were seen as culturally relevant. The result is a document that underwent iterative forward-backward translation and evaluation and was pretested successfully with native Spanish-speaking oncology patients living in the Central United States and Puerto Rico.
The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General and five disease-specific subscales have been translated successfully into Spanish using a thorough translation and initial validation methodology. The methods and data provide a model for preparing a health status questionnaire for cross-cultural validation. The questionnaire is available for use in clinical trials and clinical practice.
在美国，需要对与健康相关的生活质量进行文化等效评估，尤其是在讲不同语言的人群以及识字能力较低的人群中。本报告总结了癌症治疗功能评估（FACT）量表在说西班牙语的癌症患者（包括识字能力较低者）中的改编情况。
对癌症治疗功能评估通用量表的西班牙语版本以及五个疾病特异性子量表（乳腺癌、肺癌、结直肠癌、头颈癌、艾滋病毒感染）进行翻译、审核和修订，然后在美国大陆和波多黎各对说西班牙语的患者进行访谈评估。通过项目翻译、专家双语/双文化顾问审核、对92名患者进行预测试访谈以及进一步的专家咨询意见等反复的前后向流程，来建立语义、内容和部分技术等效性。
癌症治疗功能评估通用量表和五个疾病特异性子量表成功翻译成了易于理解和回答的措辞，得出的心理测量和评分数据与英语版本相似。癌症治疗功能评估通用量表的28个项目中除了一个之外，以及所有疾病特异性项目都被认为与文化相关。结果是一份经过反复前后向翻译和评估，并在美国中部和波多黎各的母语为西班牙语的肿瘤患者中成功进行了预测试的文件。
采用全面的翻译和初步验证方法，癌症治疗功能评估通用量表和五个疾病特异性子量表已成功翻译成西班牙语。这些方法和数据为编制用于跨文化验证的健康状况问卷提供了一个模型。该问卷可用于临床试验和临床实践。
