Tarkka M T, Paunonen M, Laippala P
Department of Nursing Science, University of Tampere, Finland.
Birth. 1998 Sep;25(3):175-81. doi: 10.1046/j.1523-536x.1998.00175.x.
The study objective was to gain information about factors that contribute to the successful establishment of breastfeeding in first-time mothers while they are still in the maternity hospital. The study was part of a wider longitudinal project that examined the development of first-time mothers into motherhood during eight months after the birth.
Data were collected by a questionnaire distributed between January and May 1995. The sample comprised 326 first-time mothers, who completed the questionnaires on about the fifth day after childbirth. A polychotomic logistic regression analysis was applied.
Mothers who had a positive experience of breastfeeding in the maternity ward and who began lactating 2 to 3 days postpartum coped better with breastfeeding than those whose experience was less positive and who lactated later. Moreover, the greater the emotional (affect) and concrete (aid) support received by the mother from members of her support network, the better she coped with breastfeeding. By contrast, those mothers who were upset while in the maternity ward coped less well with breastfeeding.
Establishing successful breastfeeding in first-time mothers requires the professional guidance and support of the maternity staff and paying attention to the person closest to the new mother, who in this study was the spouse or father of the child.
本研究的目的是获取有助于初产妇在仍住院期间成功建立母乳喂养的相关因素信息。该研究是一个更广泛的纵向项目的一部分，该项目在产后八个月内研究初产妇向母亲角色的转变。
数据通过1995年1月至5月间发放的问卷收集。样本包括326名初产妇，她们在产后约第五天完成问卷。采用多分类逻辑回归分析。
在产房有积极母乳喂养体验且产后2至3天开始泌乳的母亲，比那些体验不那么积极且泌乳较晚的母亲更能适应母乳喂养。此外，母亲从其支持网络成员那里获得的情感（情感支持）和具体（实际帮助）支持越多，她在母乳喂养方面的应对就越好。相比之下，那些在产房时情绪不安的母亲在母乳喂养方面的应对则较差。
在初产妇中建立成功的母乳喂养需要产科工作人员的专业指导和支持，并关注与新妈妈关系最密切的人，在本研究中即孩子的配偶或父亲。
