Harner C D, Höher J, Vogrin T M, Carlin G J, Woo S L
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
Am J Sports Med. 1998 Sep-Oct;26(5):669-73. doi: 10.1177/03635465980260051201.
To investigate the effect of simulated contraction of the popliteus muscle on the in situ forces in the posterior cruciate ligament and on changes in knee kinematics, we studied 10 human cadaveric knees (donor age, 58 to 89 years) using a robotic manipulator/universal force moment sensor system. Under a 110-N posterior tibial load (simulated posterior drawer test), the kinematics of the intact knee and the in situ forces in the ligament were determined. The test was repeated with the addition of a 44-N load to the popliteus muscle. The posterior cruciate ligament was then sectioned and the knee was subjected to the same tests. The additional popliteus muscle load significantly reduced the in situ forces in the ligament by 9% to 36% at 90 degrees and 30 degrees of flexion, respectively. No significant effects on posterior tibial translation of the intact knee were found. However, in the ligament-deficient knee, posterior tibial translation was reduced by up to 36% of the translation caused by ligament transection. A coupled internal tibial rotation of 2 degrees to 4 degrees at 60 degrees to 90 degrees of knee flexion was observed in both the intact and ligament-deficient knees when the popliteus muscle load was added. Our results indicate that the popliteus muscle shares the function of the posterior cruciate ligament in resisting posterior tibial loads and can contribute to knee stability when the ligament is absent.
为了研究腘肌模拟收缩对后交叉韧带原位力及膝关节运动学变化的影响，我们使用机器人操纵器/通用力力矩传感器系统对10具人类尸体膝关节（供体年龄58至89岁）进行了研究。在110 N的胫骨后向负荷下（模拟后抽屉试验），测定完整膝关节的运动学及韧带的原位力。在腘肌上额外施加44 N负荷后重复该试验。然后切断后交叉韧带，对膝关节进行相同测试。额外的腘肌负荷在屈膝90度和30度时分别使韧带原位力显著降低9%至36%。未发现对完整膝关节胫骨后向平移有显著影响。然而，在韧带损伤的膝关节中，胫骨后向平移减少了韧带切断所致平移的36%。在完整和韧带损伤的膝关节中，当增加腘肌负荷时，在屈膝60度至90度时均观察到2度至4度的胫骨内旋耦合。我们的结果表明，腘肌在抵抗胫骨后向负荷方面分担了后交叉韧带的功能，并且在韧带缺失时可有助于膝关节稳定。
