Fontijn-Tekamp F A, Slagter A P, van't Hof M A, Geertman M E, Kalk W
Department of Oral Function and Prosthetic Dentistry, Univeristy of Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
J Dent Res. 1998 Oct;77(10):1832-9. doi: 10.1177/00220345980770101101.
Sensitivity or pain of the mucoperiosteum covering the mandibular edentulous ridge is often thought to limit bite forces in complete-denture wearers. Therefore, bite forces with mandibular implant-retained overdentures may depend on the degree of implant support. This study analyzed the effects of different degrees of support for the mandibular denture on bite forces measured four years after denture treatment as part of a randomized controlled clinical trial. All subjects had received new maxillary dentures and (1) mainly implant-borne overdentures on a transmandibular implant (TMI), (2) mucosa-borne overdentures on two cylindric permucosal IMZ implants, or (3) new conventional dentures in the mandible. Fifty-three women and 15 men (mean age, 59.1 yrs; range, 41 to 77) participated in this trial. Both unilateral and bilateral bite forces were recorded at different positions with a miniature strain gauge transducer and a mechanical bite fork, respectively. The subjects were asked to bite at three force levels. Results indicated that women had significantly lower maximum bite forces than men. Persons with mandibular implant-retained overdentures had significantly higher unilateral and bilateral maximum bite forces than complete-denture wearers. However, bite forces did not differ between the mainly implant-borne (TMI) and mucosa-implant-borne (IMZ) implant systems. Therefore, it appears that differences in support for the mandibular overdenture by dental implants are not reflected in bite force capabilities.
覆盖下颌无牙嵴的黏膜骨膜的敏感性或疼痛常被认为会限制全口义齿佩戴者的咬合力。因此，下颌种植体支持式覆盖义齿的咬合力可能取决于种植体的支持程度。作为一项随机对照临床试验的一部分，本研究分析了下颌义齿不同支持程度对义齿治疗四年后所测量咬合力的影响。所有受试者均接受了新的上颌义齿，且下颌分别为：(1) 主要由经下颌种植体（TMI）支持的覆盖义齿，(2) 由两个圆柱形黏膜下IMZ种植体支持的黏膜支持式覆盖义齿，或(3) 新的传统下颌义齿。五十三名女性和十五名男性（平均年龄59.1岁；范围41至77岁）参与了该试验。分别使用微型应变片传感器和机械咬叉在不同位置记录单侧和双侧咬合力。要求受试者在三个力水平下咬合。结果表明，女性的最大咬合力显著低于男性。佩戴下颌种植体支持式覆盖义齿者的单侧和双侧最大咬合力显著高于全口义齿佩戴者。然而，主要由种植体支持（TMI）和黏膜 - 种植体联合支持（IMZ）的种植系统之间的咬合力并无差异。因此，看来牙科种植体对下颌覆盖义齿支持的差异并未反映在咬合力上。
