Bylander-Groth A, Stenström C
University Hospital, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Lund, Malmö, Sweden.
Ear Nose Throat J. 1998 Sep;77(9):762-4, 766, 768-9.
Recent findings from studies of populations of children with and without otitis media show that a poor ability to equalize negative pressure is a fundamental deficit of eustachian tube function. Not only was active function found to be poor in children with otitis media with effusion, it was also impaired in healthy children, as compared to adults. However, the deficit improved with age and time. The active rather than the passive tubal function seems to be of critical importance with respect to proneness to recurrent acute otitis media and secretory otitis media. This suggests the involvement of primarily a eustachian tube opening dysfunction or muscular opening hypofunction in children, which is considered to be a primary endogenous etiologic factor. In a subgroup of children with recurrent acute otitis media or secretory otitis media, habitual sniffing in combination with closing failure and poor active function may be a possible mechanism for the development of otitis media.
近期针对患有和未患中耳炎儿童群体的研究发现，平衡负压能力差是咽鼓管功能的一项基本缺陷。不仅发现患有分泌性中耳炎的儿童主动功能较差，与成年人相比，健康儿童的主动功能也受损。然而，这种缺陷会随着年龄增长和时间推移而改善。就复发性急性中耳炎和分泌性中耳炎的易感性而言，主动而非被动的咽鼓管功能似乎至关重要。这表明儿童主要存在咽鼓管开放功能障碍或肌肉开放功能减退，这被认为是主要的内源性病因。在复发性急性中耳炎或分泌性中耳炎患儿的一个亚组中，习惯性吸鼻加上关闭功能不全和主动功能差可能是中耳炎发病的一种可能机制。
