Wilsnack R W, Wilsnack S C, Kristjanson A F, Harris T B
Department of Neuroscience, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks 58202-9037, USA.
Womens Health. 1998 Fall;4(3):199-230.
This study evaluates how well women's personal and social characteristics predict their drinking behavior over a 10-year period, using data from a national representative sample of 696 U.S. women interviewed in 1981 and 1991. Interviews obtained data on drinking behavior, personality characteristics, childhood and recent experiences, and perceptions of the social environment. Analyses using paired comparisons, correlations, and linear and logistic regression found that women's alcohol use and its adverse consequences in 1991 were predicted by age, 1981 drinking behavior, and many other aspects of their lives measured 10 years before. Heavier and riskier drinking patterns were associated in particular with adverse childhood experiences, missing interpersonal ties, and expected self-expressive benefits of drinking. However, no variables predicted all patterns of drinking behavior, and specific predictors of different drinking patterns showed little overlap. We conclude that many aspects of women's lives, and particularly their interpersonal relationships, have long-term influences on their drinking behavior, but different patterns of drinking behavior have different antecedents.
本研究利用1981年和1991年对696名美国女性进行的全国代表性抽样数据，评估了女性的个人和社会特征在10年期间对其饮酒行为的预测能力。访谈获取了饮酒行为、性格特征、童年及近期经历以及对社会环境的认知等数据。使用配对比较、相关性分析以及线性和逻辑回归分析发现，1991年女性的饮酒情况及其不良后果可由年龄、1981年的饮酒行为以及10年前所测量的她们生活的许多其他方面进行预测。更大量且更具风险的饮酒模式尤其与童年不良经历、人际关系缺失以及饮酒预期的自我表达益处相关。然而，没有变量能够预测所有饮酒行为模式，不同饮酒模式的特定预测因素几乎没有重叠。我们得出结论，女性生活的许多方面，尤其是她们的人际关系，对其饮酒行为具有长期影响，但不同的饮酒行为模式有不同的成因。
