Bieniek G
Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Silesian Medical Academy, Sosnowiec, Poland.
Am J Ind Med. 1998 Nov;34(5):445-54. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0274(199811)34:5<445::aid-ajim5>3.0.co;2-p.
This study describes the exposure of coke plant workers to hydrocarbons. Aromatic hydrocarbons (AHs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the breathing zone air and their oxygenated metabolites in the urine of coke plant workers are qualitatively and quantitatively determined. Concentrations of benzene, toluene, naphthalene, m + p-xylene, o-xylene and 14 different PAHs were measured at the different workplaces by personal air sampling. O-cresol, 1- and 2-naphthol, methylhippuric acid, and 1-hydroxypyrene were determined in hydrolyzed urine of workers collected after the work shift. The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) method was applied to identify AHs in air and in urine samples. Time-weighted values of exposure to aromatic hydrocarbons at a coke plant were: benzene (0.06-9.82 mg/m3), toluene (0.05-4.71 mg/m3), naphthalene (0.01-3.28 mg/m3), o-xylene (0.01-1.76 mg/m3) and m + p-xylene (0.01-2.62 mg/m3). At the coke batteries, the total concentration of PAHs ranged from 7.27 to 21.92 micrograms/m3. At the sorting department, the total concentration of PAHs were about half this value. Concentration of the urinary metabolites (naphthols and methylhippuric acid) detected in workers at the tar distillation department are three times higher than those for the coke batteries and sorting department workers. A correlation between inhaled toluene, naphthalene, xylene, and urinary excretion of metabolites has been found. Time-weighted average concentrations of AHs in the breathing zone air show that exposure levels of the workers are rather low in comparison to exposure limits. The 1-hydroxypyrene concentration is below 24.75 mumol/mol creatinine. The GC/MS analysis reveals the presence of AHs, mainly benzene and naphthalene homologues. It has been found that coke plant workers are simultaneously exposed to the mixture of aromatic and polycyclic hydrocarbons present in the breathing zone air of a coke plant. Exposure levels are significantly influenced by job categories. Compounds identified in the urine appear to be the products of the hydroxylation of AHs present in the air as well as unmetabolized hydrocarbons.
本研究描述了炼焦厂工人接触碳氢化合物的情况。对炼焦厂工人呼吸带空气中的芳香烃（AHs）和多环芳烃（PAHs）及其尿液中的氧化代谢产物进行了定性和定量测定。通过个人空气采样测定了不同工作场所苯、甲苯、萘、间二甲苯+对二甲苯、邻二甲苯和14种不同PAHs的浓度。在轮班后收集的工人水解尿液中测定了邻甲酚、1-萘酚和2-萘酚、甲基马尿酸和1-羟基芘。采用气相色谱-质谱联用（GC/MS）方法鉴定空气和尿液样本中的AHs。炼焦厂芳香烃的时间加权暴露值为：苯（0.06 - 9.82毫克/立方米）、甲苯（0.05 - 4.71毫克/立方米）、萘（0.01 - 3.28毫克/立方米）、邻二甲苯（0.01 - 1.76毫克/立方米）和间二甲苯+对二甲苯（0.01 - 2.62毫克/立方米）。在焦炉，PAHs的总浓度范围为7.27至21.92微克/立方米。在分选部门，PAHs的总浓度约为该值的一半。焦油蒸馏部门工人尿液中检测到的代谢产物（萘酚和甲基马尿酸）浓度比焦炉和分选部门工人高三倍。已发现吸入的甲苯、萘、二甲苯与尿液中代谢产物的排泄之间存在相关性。呼吸带空气中AHs的时间加权平均浓度表明，与接触限值相比，工人的接触水平相当低。1-羟基芘浓度低于24.75微摩尔/摩尔肌酐。GC/MS分析表明存在AHs，主要是苯和萘的同系物。已发现炼焦厂工人同时接触炼焦厂呼吸带空气中存在的芳香烃和多环烃混合物。接触水平受工作类别显著影响。尿液中鉴定出的化合物似乎是空气中存在的AHs羟基化产物以及未代谢的碳氢化合物。
