Zakhidov AA, Baughman RH, Iqbal Z, Cui C, Khayrullin I, Dantas SO, Marti J, Ralchenko VG
A. A. Zakhidov and I. Khayrullin are at AlliedSignal, Incorporated, Research and Technology, Morristown, NJ 07962-1021, USA, and in the Department of Thermal Physics of the Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences, Katartal 28, Tashkent, Uzbekistan. R. H. Baugh.
Science. 1998 Oct 30;282(5390):897-901. doi: 10.1126/science.282.5390.897.
Porous carbons that are three-dimensionally periodic on the scale of optical wavelengths were made by a synthesis route resembling the geological formation of natural opal. Porous silica opal crystals were sintered to form an intersphere interface through which the silica was removed after infiltration with carbon or a carbon precursor. The resulting porous carbons had different structures depending on synthesis conditions. Both diamond and glassy carbon inverse opals resulted from volume filling. Graphite inverse opals, comprising 40-angstrom-thick layers of graphite sheets tiled on spherical surfaces, were produced by surface templating. The carbon inverse opals provide examples of both dielectric and metallic optical photonic crystals. They strongly diffract light and may provide a route toward photonic band-gap materials.
通过一种类似于天然蛋白石地质形成过程的合成路线，制备出了在光学波长尺度上具有三维周期性的多孔碳。将多孔二氧化硅蛋白石晶体烧结以形成球间界面，在用碳或碳前驱体渗透后，通过该界面去除二氧化硅。根据合成条件的不同，所得的多孔碳具有不同的结构。金刚石和玻璃态碳反蛋白石均由体积填充形成。通过表面模板法制备出了石墨反蛋白石，其由在球形表面平铺的40埃厚的石墨片层组成。碳反蛋白石提供了介电和金属光学光子晶体的实例。它们能强烈地衍射光，并可能为制备光子带隙材料提供一条途径。
