Clayton P J
Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455, USA.
J Clin Psychiatry. 1998;59 Suppl 16:5-12; discussion 40-2.
The complexity of subtyping depression and the implications that such subtyping has on treatment choices are discussed in this article. The most recent edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) directs clinicians to classify the mood disorders in depressed patients as unipolar, bipolar, due to a general medical condition, or due to substance abuse. The focus of this article is unipolar (major depression and dysthymia) and bipolar I and II disorders with and without feature specifiers for atypical depression, seasonal affective disorder, psychotic depression, and postpartum depression. Anxious depression, which is not a DSM-IV classification, is also reviewed.
本文讨论了抑郁症亚型分类的复杂性以及这种亚型分类对治疗选择的影响。《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版（DSM-IV）的最新版本指导临床医生将抑郁症患者的情绪障碍分类为单相、双相、由一般躯体疾病所致或由物质滥用所致。本文的重点是单相（重度抑郁症和恶劣心境）以及伴有或不伴有非典型抑郁症、季节性情感障碍、精神病性抑郁症和产后抑郁症特征说明符的双相I型和II型障碍。还对不属于DSM-IV分类的焦虑性抑郁症进行了综述。
