Cartwright R, Young M A, Mercer P, Bears M
Sleep Disorder Service and Research Center, Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Psychiatry Res. 1998 Sep 21;80(3):249-55. doi: 10.1016/s0165-1781(98)00071-7.
To test the hypothesis that REM sleep and/or dreams contribute to overnight mood regulation, 61 subjects were tested on the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and for 3 nights of monitored sleep on two occasions, once close to, and 1 year after, a marital separation. Forty-nine percent of the variance in the follow-up BDI could be accounted for by the initial BDI score, and three sleep and dream variables associated with the mood regulatory hypothesis: eye movement density in the first REM, strength of the affect in the first dream and total number of negative dreams recalled from REM awakenings. Among the 39 who met BDI depression criteria initially, 71.8% could be classified correctly as remitted or not remitted at follow-up by discriminant function analysis based on the presence of negative dreams the first vs. second half of the night. Subjects reporting more negative dreams at the beginning and fewer at the night's end were more likely to be in remission 1 year later than were those with fewer negative dreams at the beginning and more at the end of the night. Early negative dreams may reflect a within-sleep mood regulation process taking place, while those that occur later may indicate a failure in the completion of this process.
为了验证快速眼动睡眠和/或梦境有助于夜间情绪调节这一假设，对61名受试者进行了贝克抑郁量表（BDI）测试，并在两个时间段对他们进行了3晚的睡眠监测，一次是在婚姻分居接近时，另一次是在分居1年后。随访BDI中49%的方差可以由初始BDI得分以及与情绪调节假设相关的三个睡眠和梦境变量来解释：第一次快速眼动睡眠中的眼动密度、第一个梦境中的情感强度以及从快速眼动睡眠唤醒中回忆起的负面梦境总数。在最初符合BDI抑郁标准的39人中，通过基于夜间前半段与后半段负面梦境的存在情况进行判别函数分析，71.8%的人在随访时能够被正确分类为缓解或未缓解。报告在开始时负面梦境较多而在夜间结束时较少的受试者，比那些在开始时负面梦境较少而在夜间结束时较多的受试者在1年后更有可能缓解。早期的负面梦境可能反映了睡眠中正在进行的情绪调节过程，而后期出现的负面梦境可能表明这一过程未能完成。
