Kronstad J, De Maria A D, Funnell D, Laidlaw R D, Lee N, de Sá M M, Ramesh M
Biotechnology Laboratory, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., Canada V6T 1Z3.
Arch Microbiol. 1998 Nov;170(6):395-404. doi: 10.1007/s002030050659.
The cAMP signal transduction pathway controls a wide variety of processes in fungi. For example, considerable progress has been made in describing the involvement of cAMP pathway components in the control of morphogenesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Ustilago maydis, and Magnaporthe grisea. These morphological processes include the establishment of filamentous growth in S. cerevisiae and U. maydis, and the differentiation of an appressorial infection structure in M. grisea. The discovery that appressorium formation requires cAMP signaling provides an immediate connection to fungal virulence. This connection may have broader implications among fungal pathogens because recent work indicates that cAMP signaling controls the expression of virulence traits in the human pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans. In this fungus, cAMP also influences mating, as has been found for Schizosaccharomyces pombe and as may occur in U. maydis. Finally, cAMP and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways appear to function coordinately to control the response of certain fungi, e.g., Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe, to environmental stress. There are clues that interconnections between these pathways may be common in the control of many fungal processes.
环磷酸腺苷（cAMP）信号转导途径控制着真菌中的多种过程。例如，在描述cAMP途径成分参与酿酒酵母、玉米黑粉菌和稻瘟病菌形态发生的调控方面已经取得了相当大的进展。这些形态学过程包括酿酒酵母和玉米黑粉菌中丝状生长的建立，以及稻瘟病菌中附着胞感染结构的分化。附着胞形成需要cAMP信号传导这一发现直接将其与真菌毒力联系起来。这种联系在真菌病原体中可能具有更广泛的意义，因为最近的研究表明，cAMP信号传导控制着人类病原体新型隐球菌中毒力性状的表达。在这种真菌中，cAMP也影响交配，这在粟酒裂殖酵母中已被发现，在玉米黑粉菌中也可能发生。最后，cAMP和丝裂原活化蛋白激酶途径似乎协同作用，以控制某些真菌（如酿酒酵母和粟酒裂殖酵母）对环境胁迫的反应。有线索表明，这些途径之间的相互联系在许多真菌过程的控制中可能很常见。
