Hillbom M
Department of Neurology, Oulu University Hospital, Finland.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1998 Oct;22(7 Suppl):352S-358S. doi: 10.1097/00000374-199807001-00012.
The complex relationship between alcohol consumption and stroke includes both benefits and risks. Regular light-to-moderate consumption of alcohol seems to decrease the risk for ischemic stroke by reducing atherothrombotic events, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Recent and current (but not previous) heavy drinking increases the risk for both hemorrhagic and ischemic strokes. Young and middle-aged men are stricken more often than women or elderly persons, probably because they are more often current heavy drinkers. Alcoholic cardiomyopathy is a cause of cardioembolic brain infarction. Cardiac arrhythmias caused by regular heavy drinking or binge drinking can precipitate thrombus formation and propagate already existing thrombi from the heart. The maintenance of high blood pressure by heavy drinking may promote cerebral arterial degeneration, but the effect of drinking habits on aneurysm formation is not known. Acute increases in systolic blood pressure and/or alterations in cerebral arterial tone could serve as mechanisms triggering hemorrhagic strokes during alcoholic intoxication. We lack studies to show that prevention of heavy drinking can efficiently influence the occurrence of strokes.
饮酒与中风之间的复杂关系既有益处也有风险。经常适量饮酒似乎通过减少动脉粥样硬化血栓形成事件来降低缺血性中风的风险，但其潜在机制仍不清楚。近期和当前（而非既往）大量饮酒会增加出血性和缺血性中风的风险。中青年男性比女性或老年人更容易患中风，这可能是因为他们更常为当前的大量饮酒者。酒精性心肌病是心源性脑梗死的一个原因。经常大量饮酒或暴饮引起的心律失常可促使血栓形成，并使心脏中已有的血栓扩大。大量饮酒导致的高血压持续存在可能会促进脑动脉变性，但饮酒习惯对动脉瘤形成的影响尚不清楚。收缩压的急性升高和/或脑动脉张力的改变可能是酒精中毒期间引发出血性中风的机制。我们缺乏研究表明预防大量饮酒能有效影响中风的发生。
