Zacny J P, Camarillo V M, Sadeghi P, Black M
Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 1998 Oct 1;52(2):115-23. doi: 10.1016/s0376-8716(98)00056-8.
Ethanol and nitrous oxide (N2O) are sometimes used in combination by recreational drug users. The subjective effects of this drug combination have not been examined, and was the basis for the present study. The effects of both drugs were examined alone and in combination. Dependent measures included mood, cognitive/psychomotor performance, and pain reports. Volunteers (N = 11) first consumed a drink containing ethanol (0, 0.25, or 0.5 g/kg), waited for 15 min, and then inhaled 100% oxygen (placebo) or 30% N2O in oxygen for 35 min. Thirty minutes into the inhalation, subjects immersed their non-dominant forearm in icy water for 3 min. Ethanol increased ratings of 'feel drug effect' and 'drunk'. N2O affected several mood ratings, impaired cognitive/psychomotor performance, and reduced pain reports. There were several instances of ethanol potentiating the effects of N2O, and instances in which the drug combination produced effects that neither drug alone did. Ethanol did not potentiate the analgesic effects of N2O. Overall, the data obtained in the study did not convincingly demonstrate that the drug combination of N2O and ethanol had a greater abuse liability than did N2O alone, at the doses that were tested.
乙醇和一氧化二氮（N₂O）有时会被娱乐性药物使用者联合使用。这种药物组合的主观效果尚未得到研究，而这正是本研究的基础。分别对两种药物以及它们的组合效果进行了研究。相关测量指标包括情绪、认知/心理运动表现和疼痛报告。志愿者（N = 11）首先饮用含有乙醇（0、0.25或0.5 g/kg）的饮料，等待15分钟，然后吸入100%氧气（安慰剂）或30%一氧化二氮与氧气的混合气体，持续35分钟。在吸入30分钟后，受试者将其非优势前臂浸入冰水中3分钟。乙醇提高了“感觉药物效果”和“醉酒”的评分。一氧化二氮影响了多项情绪评分，损害了认知/心理运动表现，并减少了疼痛报告。有几个例子表明乙醇增强了一氧化二氮的效果，还有一些情况是药物组合产生了单独使用任何一种药物都不会产生的效果。乙醇并没有增强一氧化二氮的镇痛效果。总体而言，在本研究中获得的数据并未令人信服地证明，在测试剂量下，一氧化二氮与乙醇的药物组合比单独使用一氧化二氮具有更大的滥用可能性。
