Engelborghs S, Mariën P, Martin J J, De Deyn P P
Department of Neurology and Memory Clinic, Middelheim General Hospital, Antwerp.
Acta Neurol Belg. 1998 Sep;98(3):252-65.
The thalamus is a nuclear complex situated in the diencephalon. Besides a neuro-anatomical description of the thalamus, this article reviews the current knowledge on the functional anatomy of the three functional classes of thalamic nuclei: specific, non-specific and association nuclei. As the majority of the pathology affecting the thalamus is of cerebrovascular origin, the vascularisation of the human thalamus will be reviewed as well. Finally, the knowledge of the functional anatomy and the vascularisation of the human thalamus will be integrated in the review of the semeiology of thalamic syndromes. Besides its function as a relay centre in subserving sensory and motor mechanisms, the thalamus participates in various neurocognitive processes such as memory and language. The current knowledge on these topics will be reviewed as well.
丘脑是位于间脑的一个核复合体。除了对丘脑进行神经解剖学描述外，本文还综述了目前关于丘脑核三类功能核团（特异性核团、非特异性核团和联络核团）功能解剖学的知识。由于影响丘脑的大多数病变起源于脑血管，因此也将对人类丘脑的血管供应进行综述。最后，人类丘脑功能解剖学和血管供应的知识将整合到丘脑综合征症状学的综述中。除了作为中继中心在感觉和运动机制中发挥作用外，丘脑还参与各种神经认知过程，如记忆和语言。关于这些主题的当前知识也将进行综述。
