Shilatifard A
Department of Biochemistry, St. Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63104, USA.
FASEB J. 1998 Nov;12(14):1437-46. doi: 10.1096/fasebj.12.14.1437.
The synthesis of mature and functional messenger RNA by eukaryotic RNA polymerase II (Pol II) is a complex, multistage process requiring the cooperative action of many cellular proteins. This process, referred to collectively as the transcription cycle, proceeds via five stages: preinitiation, initiation, promoter clearance, elongation, and termination. During the past few years, fundamental studies of the elongation stage of transcription have demonstrated the existence of several families of Pol II elongation factors governing the activity of Pol II. It is now clear that the elongation stage of transcription is a critical stage for the regulation of gene expression. In fact, two of these elongation factors, ELL and elongin, have been implicated in human cancer. This article will review the proteins involved in the regulation of the elongation stage of transcription by Pol II, describing the recent experimental findings that have propelled vigorous research on the properties and function of the elongating RNA polymerase II. --Shilatifard, A. Factors regulating the transcriptional elongation activity of RNA polymerase II.
真核生物RNA聚合酶II（Pol II）合成成熟且具有功能的信使RNA是一个复杂的多阶段过程，需要许多细胞蛋白的协同作用。这个过程统称为转录循环，通过五个阶段进行：起始前、起始、启动子清除、延伸和终止。在过去几年中，对转录延伸阶段的基础研究表明，存在几个控制Pol II活性的Pol II延伸因子家族。现在很清楚，转录延伸阶段是基因表达调控的关键阶段。事实上，其中两个延伸因子ELL和elongin与人类癌症有关。本文将综述参与Pol II转录延伸阶段调控的蛋白质，描述最近推动对延伸中的RNA聚合酶II的特性和功能进行深入研究的实验发现。——希拉蒂法德，A. 调节RNA聚合酶II转录延伸活性的因子
