Rakowski W, Ehrich B, Goldstein M G, Rimer B K, Pearlman D N, Clark M A, Velicer W F, Woolverton H
Department of Community Health and The Center for Gerontology and Health Care Research.
Prev Med. 1998 Sep-Oct;27(5 Pt 1):748-56. doi: 10.1006/pmed.1998.0354.
Tailoring is a promising technique for encouraging greater performance of health-related behaviors. Tailored interventions are designed to be more individualized to personal characteristics, in contrast to "standard" interventions where all participants receive the same materials.
A total of N = 1864 women aged 40-74 were recruited from a staff model HMO and randomly assigned to one of three intervention groups: (a) No Educational Materials, (b) Standard Materials, and (c) Stage-Matched Materials. A provider-directed component was common across all three conditions. The Standard and Stage-Matched groups each received two mailed educational packets after baseline and follow-up telephone interviews. The Stage-Matched intervention was based on the Transtheoretical Model of behavior change.
Analyses of n = 1397 women (after all attrition) showed that receipt of mammography after the baseline interview was higher for the Stage-Matched group (63.6%) than for the No Materials group (54.9%; OR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.10, 1.86). The Standard intervention group was intermediate (58. 5%). The Standard group did not differ from the No Materials group, but did differ from the Stage-Matched group in multivariate analysis.
Stage-matched, tailored materials may be a means to encourage screening mammography. Such interventions can be implemented by telephone and mail.
个性化定制是一种很有前景的技术，可用于促进更多与健康相关行为的表现。与“标准”干预措施不同，个性化定制干预措施旨在根据个人特征进行更个性化的设计，在标准干预中，所有参与者都收到相同的材料。
从一家员工模式的健康维护组织（HMO）招募了总共N = 1864名年龄在40 - 74岁之间的女性，并将她们随机分配到三个干预组之一：（a）无教育材料组，（b）标准材料组，以及（c）阶段匹配材料组。在所有三种情况下都有一个由提供者指导的组成部分。标准组和阶段匹配组在基线和随访电话访谈后各收到两个邮寄的教育包。阶段匹配干预基于行为改变的跨理论模型。
对n = 1397名女性（在所有损耗之后）的分析表明，阶段匹配组在基线访谈后接受乳房X光检查的比例（63.6%）高于无材料组（54.9%；OR = 1.43，95% CI = 1.10，1.86）。标准干预组处于中间水平（58.5%）。标准组与无材料组没有差异，但在多变量分析中与阶段匹配组有差异。
阶段匹配的个性化定制材料可能是鼓励进行乳房X光筛查的一种手段。此类干预措施可以通过电话和邮件实施。
