Kanagawa K, Emiko S, Tadaka E, Kaneko A, Kobayashi N
Division of Community Health Nursing, Graduate School of Health Science & Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo.
Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi. 1998 Aug;45(8):758-67.
To determine prevalence and risk factors for pressure ulcers of subjects in visiting nursing service stations.
Descriptive cross-sectional study. Data were collected by a mail survey questionnaire from 934 visiting nursing service stations that were listed in "Visiting nursing service stations list" in September 1995.
Responses from 620 visiting nursing service stations were obtained (collection rate 66.4%). The sample consisted of 23,500 subjects, with a pressure ulcer prevalence rate of 14.6% (n = 3,441). Furthermore, the prevalence was 15.1% (n = 3,177) in the elderly of 65 years and older (n = 21,020). The observed prevalence among visiting nursing service stations ranges from 4.8% to 24.1%. In subjects with pressure ulcers, there were high rates of cerebral vascular diseases, dementia, Alzheimer's disease, urinary organ system diseases, and senility. On the other hand, subjects without pressure ulcers, had high rates of ischemic heart diseases, chronic respiratory organ diseases, and mental disease. The total number of pressure ulcers that were observed in 3,441 subjects was 5,158 and the number of the pressure ulcers per person was 1.64. The level of depth of I, II were observed at around 40%.
The number of elderly people who necessitate medical treatment or nursing care in homes will be increasing in the future. A survey is needed to develop a program that will be efficient in early detection and care of pressure ulcers.
确定上门护理服务站中对象的压疮患病率及危险因素。
描述性横断面研究。通过邮寄调查问卷从1995年9月《上门护理服务站名录》中列出的934个上门护理服务站收集数据。
获得了620个上门护理服务站的回复（收集率66.4%）。样本包括23,500名对象，压疮患病率为14.6%（n = 3,441）。此外，65岁及以上老年人（n = 21,020）中的患病率为15.1%（n = 3,177）。上门护理服务站中观察到的患病率在4.8%至24.1%之间。在患有压疮的对象中，脑血管疾病、痴呆、阿尔茨海默病、泌尿器官系统疾病和衰老的发生率较高。另一方面，没有压疮的对象中，缺血性心脏病、慢性呼吸器官疾病和精神疾病的发生率较高。在3,441名对象中观察到的压疮总数为5,158个，人均压疮数为1.64个。Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期压疮的深度水平观察到约为40%。
未来需要医疗治疗或家庭护理的老年人数量将会增加。需要进行一项调查，以制定一个能有效早期发现和护理压疮的项目。
