Huber R, Deboer T, Schwierin B, Tobler I
Institute of Pharmacology, University of Zürich, Switzerland.
Physiol Behav. 1998 Aug;65(1):77-82. doi: 10.1016/s0031-9384(98)00125-5.
The effect of a single dose of melatonin (3-5 mg/kg intraperitoneally) on sleep, electroencephalographic power density, and cortical temperature (TCRT) was investigated. Melatonin was administered to Djungarian hamsters 4 h or 12 h after lights on in a 16-h light:8-h dark cycle (LD 16:8) and to rats at dark onset in a LD 12:12. The effects in both species were short lasting and depended on the time of day. Sleep latency was prolonged in the late light period, sleep fragmentation was enhanced in the early light period, and TCRT was elevated in all three conditions. Rapid eye-movement sleep was reduced in the first postdrug hour after the late light period treatment in the hamsters and in postdrug hours 2 and 3 after dark onset treatment in the rat. Therefore, we have no evidence for a sleep inducing effect of 3-5 mg/kg of melatonin in the hamster or rat. In view of some data that indicate that melatonin may exert a sleep inducing effect in humans, it is suggested that melatonin induces changes that are typical for the dark period of each species, i.e., waking in the nocturnal Djungarian hamster and rat, and sleepiness in the diurnal human.
研究了单次剂量褪黑素（3 - 5毫克/千克腹腔注射）对睡眠、脑电图功率密度和皮层温度（TCRT）的影响。在16小时光照：8小时黑暗周期（LD 16:8）中，在开灯后4小时或12小时给长爪沙鼠注射褪黑素；在LD 12:12中，在黑暗开始时给大鼠注射褪黑素。两种动物的这些影响都是短暂的，并且取决于一天中的时间。在光照后期睡眠潜伏期延长，在光照早期睡眠片段化增强，在所有三种情况下TCRT都升高。在长爪沙鼠光照后期处理后的第一个给药小时以及大鼠黑暗开始处理后的给药后第2和3小时，快速眼动睡眠减少。因此，我们没有证据表明3 - 5毫克/千克的褪黑素对长爪沙鼠或大鼠有诱导睡眠的作用。鉴于一些数据表明褪黑素可能对人类有诱导睡眠的作用，有人提出褪黑素诱导的变化是每个物种黑暗期的典型变化，即在夜间活动的长爪沙鼠和大鼠中引起清醒，在昼行性人类中引起困倦。
