Nanoparticle technology for delivery of drugs across the blood-brain barrier.

The Leu-enkephalin dalargin and the Met-enkephalin kyotorphin normally do not cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) when given systemically. To transport these neuropeptides across the BBB they were adsorbed onto the surface of poly(butylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles (NPs) and the NPs were coated with polysorbate 80. Central analgesia was measured by the hot plate test in mice. The antidepressant amitriptyline, which normally penetrates the BBB, was used to examine the versatility of the NP method. The concentration of amitriptyline in serum and brain of mice was determined by a gas chromatographic method. Furthermore, NPs were fabricated with different stabilizers. After the adsorption of the peptides on polysorbate 85-stabilized NPs, analgesia was noted after intravenous application when NPs were not coated. The amitriptyline level was significantly enhanced in brain when the substance was adsorbed onto the NP and coated or when the particles were stabilized with polysorbate 85.