Nagashunmugam T, Malamud D, Davis C, Abrams W R, Friedman H M
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6073, USA.
J Infect Dis. 1998 Dec;178(6):1635-41. doi: 10.1086/314511.
Human submandibular saliva reduces human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in vitro. To define the mechanism of inhibition, virus was incubated with saliva or medium, velocity sucrose gradient centrifugation was performed, and fractions were analyzed for p24 and gp120. The results show that after incubation with saliva, the envelope glycoprotein was displaced from both a laboratory-adapted and a low-passage clinical HIV-1 isolate. To identify the salivary protein(s) responsible, submandibular saliva was fractionated by anion- exchange chromatography. Protein fractions containing anti-HIV activity were assayed for their ability to strip gp120 from virus. The partially purified active fractions contained two high-molecular-weight sialyated glycoproteins identified as salivary agglutinin and mucin, as well as several lower-molecular-weight proteins. It thus appears that specific salivary proteins interact with HIV-1 to strip gp120 from the virus with a resultant decrease in infectivity.
人下颌下唾液可在体外降低1型人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV-1）感染。为确定抑制机制，将病毒与唾液或培养基孵育，进行速度蔗糖梯度离心，并分析各组分中的p24和gp120。结果显示，与唾液孵育后，包膜糖蛋白从实验室适应株和低传代临床HIV-1分离株中被置换出来。为鉴定负责的唾液蛋白，通过阴离子交换色谱法对下颌下唾液进行分级分离。对含有抗HIV活性的蛋白组分进行分析，以检测其从病毒中去除gp120的能力。部分纯化的活性组分包含两种高分子量唾液酸化糖蛋白，鉴定为唾液凝集素和粘蛋白，以及几种低分子量蛋白。因此，似乎特定的唾液蛋白与HIV-1相互作用，从病毒中去除gp120，从而导致感染性降低。
