Albanis T A, Hela D G, Sakellarides T M, Konstantinou I K
Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Greece.
J Chromatogr A. 1998 Oct 9;823(1-2):59-71. doi: 10.1016/s0021-9673(98)00304-5.
Seasonal variations of pesticide residues in surface waters and ground waters of the Imathia area of Central Mecedonia (N. Greece) were determined for the period from May 1996 to April 1997. The sampling cruises included eight sites in rivers Aliakmon, Loudias, Tripotamos, Arapitsa and Canal-66, seven water springs in the mountain Vermion, seven rainfall water collection stations and one hundred underground points. Solid-phase extraction disks followed by gas chromatographic techniques with flame thermionic detection, electron capture detection and mass-selective detection were used for the monitoring of various pesticides their transformation products in environmental waters. The most commonly encountered pesticides in underground waters, were alachlor, atrazine, desethylatrazine (DEA), metolachlor, molinate, propanil, simazine, carbofuran, diazinon and parathion methyl. The above compounds including propazine, trifluralin, malathion, parathion ethyl, lindane, alpha-benzene hexachloride (alpha-BHC), beta-BHC, 4,4'-DDE and heptachlor were determined in river waters. The higher concentrations in underground waters were measured during the period from May to August, 1996, following seasonal application and diminished significantly during the autumn and winter. Water pollution by triazine and chloroacetanilides was highest in the estuarine areas; showing that many of these compounds are transported significant distances from their application sites. The major inputs of atrazine, alachlor, simazine and metolachlor occurred in May and June just after their application. Atrazine, DEA, diazinon and metolachlor were also detected in spring waters at concentration levels below 0.006 microgram/l. Finally, atrazine, DEA, carbofuran, simazine, diazinon, parathion ethyl and parathion methyl were detected in rainfall water samples collected in the agricultural area of Imathia (central part of the plain).
对1996年5月至1997年4月期间希腊中马其顿伊马夏地区地表水和地下水中农药残留的季节性变化进行了测定。采样巡航包括阿利亚克蒙河、卢迪亚斯河、特里波塔莫斯河、阿拉皮察河和66号运河的8个地点、韦尔米翁山的7个泉水、7个降雨集水站和100个地下点。采用固相萃取盘，随后通过气相色谱技术，采用火焰热离子检测、电子捕获检测和质量选择检测，对环境水中的各种农药及其转化产物进行监测。地下水中最常见的农药是甲草胺、莠去津、去乙基莠去津（DEA）、异丙甲草胺、禾草敌、敌稗、西玛津、克百威、二嗪农和甲基对硫磷。上述化合物包括扑灭津、氟乐灵、马拉硫磷、乙基对硫磷、林丹、α-六六六（α-BHC）、β-六六六、4,4'-滴滴伊和七氯在河水中被测定。地下水中较高的浓度在1996年5月至8月期间测量，这是在季节性施用之后，在秋季和冬季显著降低。三嗪和氯代乙酰苯胺对水污染在河口地区最高；表明这些化合物中的许多从其施用地点被远距离运输。莠去津、甲草胺、西玛津和异丙甲草胺的主要输入发生在施用后的5月和6月。在泉水中也检测到莠去津、DEA、二嗪农和异丙甲草胺，浓度低于0.006微克/升。最后，在伊马夏农业区（平原中部）采集的降雨水样中检测到莠去津、DEA、克百威、西玛津、二嗪农、乙基对硫磷和甲基对硫磷。
