Brown J, Cohen P, Johnson J G, Salzinger S
College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, Department of Pediatrics, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Child Abuse Negl. 1998 Nov;22(11):1065-78. doi: 10.1016/s0145-2134(98)00087-8.
To identify demographic, family, parent, and child factors prospectively associated with risk for child abuse and neglect among families in the community, using data on child maltreatment obtained from both official records and youth self-reports.
Surveys assessing demographic variables, family relationships, parental behavior, and characteristics of parents and children were administered to a representative sample of 644 families in upstate New York on four occasions between 1975 and 1992. Data on child abuse and neglect were obtained from New York State records and retrospective self-report instruments administered when youths were > or = 18 years old.
Logistic regression analyses indicated that different patterns of risk factors predicted the occurrence of physical abuse, sexual abuse, and neglect, although maternal youth and maternal sociopathy predicted the occurrence of all three forms of child maltreatment. In addition, the prevalence of child abuse or neglect increased from 3% when no risk factors were present to 24% when > or = 4 risk factors were present. State records and self-reports of child maltreatment did not correspond in most cases when maltreatment was reported through at least one data source, underlining the importance of obtaining data from both official records and self-reports.
Assessment of a number of risk factors may permit health professionals to identify parents and children who are at high risk for child maltreatment, facilitating appropriate implementation of prevention and treatment interventions.
利用从官方记录和青少年自我报告中获取的虐待儿童数据，前瞻性地确定社区家庭中与虐待和忽视儿童风险相关的人口统计学、家庭、父母和儿童因素。
在1975年至1992年期间，对纽约州北部644个家庭的代表性样本进行了四次调查，评估人口统计学变量、家庭关系、父母行为以及父母和儿童的特征。虐待和忽视儿童的数据来自纽约州的记录以及青少年年满18岁及以上时进行的回顾性自我报告工具。
逻辑回归分析表明，不同的风险因素模式预测了身体虐待、性虐待和忽视的发生，尽管母亲年轻和母亲患有反社会人格障碍预测了所有三种形式的儿童虐待行为的发生。此外，当不存在风险因素时，虐待或忽视儿童的发生率为3%，当存在4个及以上风险因素时，这一比例增至24%。当通过至少一种数据来源报告虐待行为时，州记录和儿童虐待的自我报告在大多数情况下并不一致，这凸显了从官方记录和自我报告中获取数据的重要性。
对多种风险因素的评估可能使卫生专业人员能够识别出虐待儿童风险高的父母和儿童，从而促进预防和治疗干预措施的适当实施。
