Yamamoto L G, Boychuk R B
Kapiolani Medical Center for Women and Children, and Department of Pediatrics, University of Hawaii John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, USA.
Am J Emerg Med. 1998 Nov;16(7):634-6. doi: 10.1016/s0735-6757(98)90163-2.
A eutectic mixture of local anesthetics (EMLA) in cream form has been used as a topical anesthetic to reduce the pain of procedures penetrating the skin. It is generally applied for 45 to 60 minutes before the painful procedure. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a 20-minute application of EMLA is useful in reducing the pain of routine peripheral intravenous cannulation in the emergency department (ED). A blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled, paired trial compared the pain of intravenous cannulation in both hands of study subjects: one hand was treated with 20-minute EMLA cream and the other hand was treated with 20-minute placebo cream. Forty subjects identified the more painful hand and scored pain measurements of each hand using a 10-cm visual analog scale. These data failed to demonstrate any significant benefit of EMLA compared with placebo. EMLA is not useful for intravenous cannulation when used for 20-minute application times. There may be more effective and less costly ways of reducing the pain of intravenous cannulation that patients would prefer.
乳膏形式的局部麻醉药共熔混合物（EMLA）已被用作局部麻醉剂，以减轻穿透皮肤操作的疼痛。通常在进行疼痛操作前45至60分钟应用。本研究的目的是确定应用20分钟的EMLA是否有助于减轻急诊科（ED）常规外周静脉置管的疼痛。一项双盲、随机、安慰剂对照、配对试验比较了研究对象双手静脉置管的疼痛情况：一只手用20分钟的EMLA乳膏治疗，另一只手用20分钟的安慰剂乳膏治疗。40名受试者指出较痛的那只手，并使用10厘米视觉模拟量表对每只手的疼痛程度进行评分。这些数据未能证明与安慰剂相比，EMLA有任何显著益处。当应用时间为20分钟时，EMLA对静脉置管没有作用。可能存在更有效且成本更低的减轻静脉置管疼痛的方法，而患者会更喜欢这些方法。
