Kassarov M, Christova N, Dambova M
National Center of Hygiene, Medical Ecology and Nutrition, Burgas Office, Bulgaria.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 1998 Sep;71 Suppl:S84-6.
A study was conducted over a 3-year period on the morbidity in petrochemical plants producing xylene, benzene, phenol and acetone, and in the related service laboratory. The incidence rate of system and target organ disorders due to the adverse effects of benzene, toluene, xylene, phenol, acetone, etc., was calculated. The exposure to chemical hazards (except benzene) of plant workers was not high--the concentrations were below the maximum allowable concentrations (MACs) and the duration of contact was not longer than 270 min per 8-h shift. The duration of exposure for laboratory technicians (all female) comprised an entire 8-h working shift, but concentrations of the chemical substances did not exceed MACs. The incidence rate of system and target organ disorders as a total of all production plants was 6% on average over the 3-year period, and for laboratory workers it was 10.3%. The average total incidence rate (comprising all diseases) was 42% in the production plants and comparatively greater in the laboratory--56% as an average for the period. Since laboratory technician posts are well mainly by women in Bulgaria, recommendations are to minimize contact with chemical hazards for women of child-bearing age, as was the case for benzene.
一项为期3年的研究针对生产二甲苯、苯、苯酚和丙酮的石化厂以及相关服务实验室的发病率展开。计算了因苯、甲苯、二甲苯、苯酚、丙酮等的不良影响导致的系统和靶器官疾病的发病率。工厂工人接触化学危害物（苯除外）的程度不高——浓度低于最大允许浓度（MAC），且每次8小时轮班的接触时长不超过270分钟。实验室技术人员（均为女性）的接触时长为整个8小时工作班次，但化学物质浓度未超过MAC。在这3年期间，所有生产厂系统和靶器官疾病的总发病率平均为6%，实验室工作人员的发病率为10.3%。生产厂的平均总发病率（包括所有疾病）为42%，在实验室相对更高——该期间平均为56%。由于保加利亚实验室技术人员岗位主要由女性担任，建议尽量减少育龄女性接触化学危害物的情况，就像对苯采取的措施那样。
