Mumpuni A, Sharma HSS, Brown AE
Department of Applied Plant Science, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT9 5PX, United Kingdom.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1998 Dec;64(12):5053-6. doi: 10.1128/AEM.64.12.5053-5056.1998.
Trichoderma harzianum biotypes Th1, Th2, and Th3 produced volatile metabolites in vitro which had similar fungistatic effects on the growth of Agaricus bisporus. Metabolites present in agar colonized by these strains also inhibited mycelial growth of A. bisporus, although the reduction in growth was less in the presence of metabolites produced by biotype Th2 than that in the presence of metabolites produced by Th1 or Th3. A. bisporus produced metabolites in liquid culture that inhibited the growth of Th1 and Th3 but stimulated the growth of Th2. A compound(s) responsible for the inhibition and stimulation was extracted from A. bisporus culture filtrate and from compost-grown fruit bodies with n-butanol, but the identity of the compound(s) was not determined. We suggest that the stimulation of Th2 by metabolites produced by A. bisporus and the relatively low level of inhibition of A. bisporus by Th2 facilitate colonization of compost by both fungi. However, as compost colonization reaches a maximum, a change in the competitive balance in favor of Th2 results in the inhibition of fruit body production by A. bisporus and the devastating green mold epidemics affecting mushroom production.
哈茨木霉生物型Th1、Th2和Th3在体外产生挥发性代谢产物，这些产物对双孢蘑菇的生长具有相似的抑菌作用。这些菌株定殖的琼脂中存在的代谢产物也抑制了双孢蘑菇的菌丝生长，不过与Th1或Th3产生的代谢产物相比，Th2生物型产生的代谢产物存在时，双孢蘑菇生长的减少幅度较小。双孢蘑菇在液体培养中产生的代谢产物抑制了Th1和Th3的生长，但刺激了Th2的生长。从双孢蘑菇培养滤液和堆肥栽培的子实体中用正丁醇提取了一种负责抑制和刺激作用的化合物，但未确定该化合物的身份。我们认为，双孢蘑菇产生的代谢产物对Th2的刺激以及Th2对双孢蘑菇相对较低水平的抑制，有利于两种真菌在堆肥中的定殖。然而，随着堆肥定殖达到最大值，竞争平衡向有利于Th2的方向变化，导致双孢蘑菇子实体产量受到抑制，并引发影响蘑菇生产的毁灭性绿霉病流行。
