D'Santos C S, Clarke J H, Divecha N
The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Biochim Biophys Acta. 1998 Dec 8;1436(1-2):201-32. doi: 10.1016/s0005-2760(98)00146-5.
Diverse methodologies, ranging from activity measurements in various nuclear subfractions to electron microscopy, have been used to demonstrate and establish that many of the key lipids and enzymes responsible for the metabolism of inositol lipids are resident in nuclei. PtdIns(4)P, PtdIns(4,5)P2 and PtdOH are all present in nuclei, as well as the corresponding enzyme activities required to synthesise and metabolise these compounds. In addition other non-inositol containing phospholipids such as phosphatidylcholine constitute a significant percentage of the total nuclear phospholipid content. We feel that it is pertinent to include this lipid in our discussion as it provides an alternative source of 1, 2-diacylglycerol (DAG) in addition to the hydrolysis of PtdIns(4, 5)P2. We discuss at length data related to the sources and possible consequences of nuclear DAG production as this lipid appears to be increasingly central to a number of general physiological functions. Data relating to the existence of alternative pathways of inositol phospholipid synthesis, the role of 3-phosphorylated inositol lipids and lipid compartmentalisation and transport are reviewed. The field has also expanded to a point where we can now also begin to address what role these lipids play in cellular proliferation and differentiation and hopefully provide avenues for further research.
从各种核亚组分中的活性测量到电子显微镜等多种方法，已被用于证明和确定许多负责肌醇脂质代谢的关键脂质和酶存在于细胞核中。磷脂酰肌醇-4-磷酸（PtdIns(4)P）、磷脂酰肌醇-4,5-二磷酸（PtdIns(4,5)P2）和磷脂酰肌醇（PtdOH）都存在于细胞核中，以及合成和代谢这些化合物所需的相应酶活性。此外，其他不含肌醇的磷脂，如磷脂酰胆碱，在总核磷脂含量中占相当大的比例。我们认为在我们的讨论中纳入这种脂质是相关的，因为它除了PtdIns(4,5)P2的水解外，还提供了1,2 -二酰基甘油（DAG）的另一种来源。我们详细讨论了与细胞核DAG产生的来源和可能后果相关的数据，因为这种脂质似乎在许多一般生理功能中越来越核心。回顾了与肌醇磷脂合成的替代途径的存在、3 -磷酸化肌醇脂质的作用以及脂质区室化和运输相关的数据。该领域也已经扩展到我们现在也可以开始探讨这些脂质在细胞增殖和分化中起什么作用，并有望为进一步研究提供途径的程度。
