Floyd F J, Gilliom L A, Costigan C L
Psychology Department, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 27599-3270, USA.
Child Dev. 1998 Oct;69(5):1461-79.
The study evaluates how marriage and the parenting alliance affect parenting experiences over time. Couples (N = 79) with school-age children who have mental retardation completed self-report and observational measures of marriage, the parenting alliance, and parenting attitudes and behaviors at 2 periods, 18-24 months apart. Longitudinal structural equation modeling demonstrated significant effects of marital quality on changes over time in self-reports of perceived parenting competence for both the mothers and the fathers, and in observed negative mother-child interactions. Also, in all cases, the parenting alliance mediated the effects of marriage on parenting experiences. There was little evidence of reciprocal causation in which parenting variables predicted change in the quality of marriage and the parenting alliance. Interactions involving child age suggested that teenagers as opposed to younger children were more reactive to negative features of their parents' marital functioning and parenting alliance. Implications are discussed regarding stable but negative marital functioning and regarding possible differences in mothers' and fathers' parenting in the context of marital distress.
该研究评估了婚姻和育儿联盟如何随时间影响育儿体验。有智力障碍学龄儿童的夫妻（N = 79）在相隔18 - 24个月的两个时间段完成了关于婚姻、育儿联盟以及育儿态度和行为的自我报告和观察测量。纵向结构方程模型表明，婚姻质量对母亲和父亲感知育儿能力的自我报告随时间的变化以及观察到的负面母婴互动有显著影响。此外，在所有情况下，育儿联盟介导了婚姻对育儿体验的影响。几乎没有证据表明育儿变量会预测婚姻质量和育儿联盟的变化存在相互因果关系。涉及孩子年龄的互动表明，与年幼孩子相比，青少年对父母婚姻功能和育儿联盟的负面特征反应更强烈。讨论了关于稳定但负面的婚姻功能以及婚姻困扰背景下母亲和父亲育儿可能存在差异的相关影响。
