McBrien C M, Dagenbach D
Department of Psychology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27109-7778, USA.
Am J Psychol. 1998 Winter;111(4):509-28.
Two studies examined the nature of the false recollections that preschool children experience after imaginary events. The first replicated earlier findings suggesting that some young children respond to the events as though they had actually happened. However, events that had not been studied or thought about also were included in the test phase, and children indicated that many of these had happened to them as well. This suggested that something other than source misattribution for imagined events occurred for at least some children. A second study assessed whether children's affirmative responses to queries about imagined events having occurred reflected retrieval of the imagined event, acquiescence, or a yes response bias. Evidence of contributions to false assents from the retrieval of imagined events and yes response bias was strong, but the contribution of acquiescence was minimal.
两项研究考察了学前儿童在想象事件后经历的错误记忆的本质。第一项研究重复了早期的研究结果，表明一些幼儿对这些事件的反应就好像它们真的发生过一样。然而，在测试阶段也包括了那些未曾被研究或思考过的事件，并且孩子们表示其中许多事件也发生在他们身上。这表明，至少对一些孩子来说，除了对想象事件的来源错误归因之外，还发生了其他事情。第二项研究评估了儿童对关于想象事件是否发生的询问的肯定回答，是反映了对想象事件的回忆、默认，还是肯定回答偏差。有充分证据表明，对想象事件的回忆和肯定回答偏差对错误肯定回答有影响，但默认的影响最小。
