Maini R, MacEwen C J, Young J D
Department of Ophthalmology, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK.
Eye (Lond). 1998;12 ( Pt 4):669-71. doi: 10.1038/eye.1998.166.
To investigate the incidence and aetiology of epiphora in a population of 7-year-old children and determine whether a conservative management policy for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO) results in excess lacrimal dysfunction in later childhood.
A postal questionnaire was sent to the parents of a large cohort of 7-year-old children previously investigated to determine the incidence and natural progression of CNLDO. They were asked about the presence of epiphora, and its relationship to atopic disease and the presence of upper respiratory tract infections (URTI). Information on epiphora had also been gathered from the same cohort at age 3 1/2 years at a routine examination. Data were compared with those for epiphora in infancy in the same cohort.
The incidence of epiphora at 3 1/2 years was 5.5%, and 7 years 7.7%. At age 7 years 70% of cases were related to atopic disease or URTI. CNLDO was not significantly related to epiphora in later childhood (p = 0.000032).
A policy of delaying nasolacrimal probing in CNLDO until after the age of 1 year does not result in a detectable excess of lacrimal dysfunction in later childhood, when epiphora is more likely to be related to atopic disease or upper respiratory tract infection.
调查7岁儿童人群中溢泪的发生率和病因，并确定先天性鼻泪管阻塞（CNLDO）的保守治疗策略是否会导致儿童后期出现过多的泪功能障碍。
向一大群先前已接受调查以确定CNLDO发生率和自然病程的7岁儿童的父母发送了邮政问卷。询问他们孩子是否存在溢泪，以及溢泪与特应性疾病和上呼吸道感染（URTI）的关系。在3岁半的常规检查中，也从同一队列中收集了有关溢泪的信息。将数据与同一队列婴儿期的溢泪数据进行比较。
3岁半时溢泪的发生率为5.5%，7岁时为7.7%。在7岁时，70%的病例与特应性疾病或URTI有关。CNLDO与儿童后期的溢泪无显著相关性（p = 0.000032）。
对于CNLDO，将鼻泪管探查推迟到1岁以后的策略，在儿童后期泪功能障碍不太可能被检测到过多增加，此时溢泪更可能与特应性疾病或上呼吸道感染有关。
