Deary I J, Peter A, Austin E, Gibson G
Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, UK.
Br J Psychol. 1998 Nov;89 ( Pt 4):647-61. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8295.1998.tb02708.x.
The structure of personality disorder traits was examined in a sample of 400 undergraduates who completed the personality disorder questionnaire from the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID-II). The relations between personality disorder and normal personality traits indexed by the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised (EPQ-R) were examined. The three-cluster model of personality traits--as described in the DSM scheme--found equivocal support. Exploratory principal components analysis and confirmatory factor analysis found four broad factors of personality disorder that overlapped with normal personality traits: an asthenic factor related to neuroticism; an antisocial factor associated with psychoticism; an asocial factor linked to introversion-extraversion; and an anankastic (obsessive-compulsive) factor. There is growing agreement about the number and type of broad personality disorder dimensions; similar dimensions may be found in clinical and non-clinical samples, suggesting that those people with personality disorders differ quantitatively rather than qualitatively from others; and there is substantial overlap between normal and abnormal personality dimensions.
在400名完成了来自《精神疾病诊断与统计手册第三版修订本》结构化临床访谈（SCID-II）中人格障碍问卷的本科生样本中，对人格障碍特质的结构进行了研究。研究了由艾森克人格问卷修订版（EPQ-R）所索引的人格障碍与正常人格特质之间的关系。如《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》方案中所描述的人格特质三聚类模型得到了模棱两可的支持。探索性主成分分析和验证性因素分析发现了四个人格障碍的宽泛因素，它们与正常人格特质重叠：一个与神经质相关的虚弱因素；一个与精神质相关的反社会因素；一个与内向-外向相关的不合群因素；以及一个强迫性（强迫-冲动）因素。关于宽泛人格障碍维度的数量和类型，人们的共识日益增加；在临床和非临床样本中可能会发现类似的维度，这表明人格障碍患者与其他人的差异在于数量而非质量；并且正常和异常人格维度之间存在大量重叠。
