Logan G D
Department of Psychology, University of Ilinois at Urbana-Champaign 61820, USA.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 1998 Dec;24(6):1720-36. doi: 10.1037//0096-1523.24.6.1720.
Six experiments addressed the encoding of location information during automatization, to test a critical prediction of the instance theory of automaticity (G. D. Logan, 1988). Subjects searched 1- or 2-word displays for members of a target category. Specific targets appeared in the same locations consistently throughout training, and then location changed at transfer. Sensitivity to changes in location were assessed with implicit and explicit memory tests. In both tests, sensitivity depended on the number of locations the words could occupy (2 vs. 16). Sensitivity varied with the number of words presented (1 vs. 2) in the implicit test, but not in the explicit test. The results suggest that subjects encoded the locations of the words during automatization, which confirms the predictions of the instance theory.
六个实验探讨了自动化过程中位置信息的编码，以检验自动性实例理论（G. D. 洛根，1988）的一个关键预测。受试者在由1个或2个单词组成的显示中搜索目标类别的成员。在整个训练过程中，特定目标始终出现在相同位置，然后在迁移时位置发生变化。通过内隐和外显记忆测试评估对位置变化的敏感性。在这两种测试中，敏感性取决于单词可占据的位置数量（2个与16个）。在内隐测试中，敏感性随呈现的单词数量（1个与2个）而变化，但在外显测试中并非如此。结果表明，受试者在自动化过程中对单词的位置进行了编码，这证实了实例理论的预测。
