Takahashi H, Nirasawa K, Nagamine Y, Tsudzuki M, Yamamoto Y
Laboratory of Animal Genetic Diversity, National Institute of Agrobiological Resources, Tsukuba, Japan.
J Hered. 1998 Nov-Dec;89(6):543-6. doi: 10.1093/jhered/89.6.543.
Genetic relationships among Japanese native breeds of chickens were studied on the basis of microsatellite DNA polymorphisms. DNA samples from 10 Japanese native breeds (Iwate-Jidori, Aizu-Jidori, Sadohige-Jidori, Siba-Tori, Onaga-Dori, Echigonankin, Hinai, Kinpa, Koeyoshi, and Tomaru) and one imported breed (White Leghorn) were analyzed using eight microsatellite markers that were isolated from a microsatellite DNA-enriched library of chickens (Takahashi et al. 1996). The PCR primers to detect (CA)n repeat length polymorphisms were synthesized based on the sequences of clones, and these markers were typed by PCR amplification and electrophoresis using a DNA sequencer. Since all eight microsatellite markers were polymorphic, genetic distance between the breeds could be calculated based on the frequencies of alleles of the microsatellites and phylogenetic relationships between the breeds could be estimated. Most Japanese native chickens were grouped into three groups that correspond to the origin breeds, Jidori, Shokoku, and Shamo. The results suggest that microsatellite DNA markers are a useful tool for studying the genetic relationships among chicken breeds.
基于微卫星DNA多态性研究了日本本土鸡品种之间的遗传关系。使用从鸡的微卫星DNA富集文库中分离出的8个微卫星标记，对来自10个日本本土品种（岩手地鸡、会津地鸡、佐渡毛地鸡、丝羽乌骨鸡、尾长鸡、越后南金、比内鸡、金波鸡、小越鸡和户丸鸡）和1个引进品种（白来航鸡）的DNA样本进行了分析（高桥等人，1996年）。根据克隆序列合成了用于检测（CA）n重复长度多态性的PCR引物，并使用DNA测序仪通过PCR扩增和电泳对这些标记进行分型。由于所有8个微卫星标记均具有多态性，因此可以根据微卫星等位基因频率计算品种间的遗传距离，并估计品种间的系统发育关系。大多数日本本土鸡被分为三组，分别对应其起源品种地鸡、四国鸡和斗鸡。结果表明，微卫星DNA标记是研究鸡品种间遗传关系的有用工具。
