Nie W, Liu R, Chen Y, Wang J, Yang F
Kunming Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yunnan, PR China.
Chromosome Res. 1998 Sep;6(6):447-53. doi: 10.1023/a:1009296227460.
Chromosomal homologies were established between human and two Chinese langurs (Semnopithecus francoisi, 2n = 44, and S. phayrei, 2n = 44) by chromosome painting with chromosome-specific DNA probes of all human chromosomes except the Y. Both langur species showed identical hybridization patterns in addition to similar G-banding patterns. In total, 23 human chromosome-specific probes detected 30 homologous chromosome segments in a haploid langur genome. Except for human chromosomes 1, 2, 6, 16 and 19 probes, which each gave signals on two non-homologous langur chromosomes respectively, all other probes each hybridized to a single chromosome. The results indicate a high degree of conservation of chromosomal synteny between human and these two Chinese langurs. The human chromosome 2 probe painted the entire euchromatic regions of langur chromosomes 14 and 19. Human chromosome 1 probe hybridized to three regions on langur autosomes, one region on langur chromosome 4 and two regions on langur chromosome 5. Human 19 probe hybridized on the same pattern to one region on chromosome 4 and to two regions on langur chromosome 5, where it alternated with the human chromosome 1 probe. Human 6 and 16 probes both hybridized to one region on each of the two langur autosomes 15 and 18. Only two langur chromosomes (12 and 21) were each labelled by probes specific for two whole human chromosomes (14 and 15 and 21 and 22 respectively). Comparison of the hybridization patterns of human painting probes on these two langurs with the data on other Old World primates suggests that reciprocal and Robertsonian translocations as will as inversions could have occurred since the divergence of human and the langurs from a common ancestor. This comparison also indicates that Asian colobines are karyotypically more closely related to each other that to African colobines.
通过使用除Y染色体外的所有人类染色体的染色体特异性DNA探针进行染色体涂染，在人类与两种中国叶猴（黑叶猴，2n = 44；菲氏叶猴，2n = 44）之间建立了染色体同源性。除了相似的G带模式外，这两种叶猴物种还表现出相同的杂交模式。总共，23种人类染色体特异性探针在单倍体叶猴基因组中检测到30个同源染色体片段。除了人类染色体1、2、6、16和19的探针分别在两条非同源叶猴染色体上产生信号外，所有其他探针均各自与一条单一染色体杂交。结果表明人类与这两种中国叶猴之间染色体同线性具有高度保守性。人类染色体2探针涂染了叶猴染色体14和19的整个常染色质区域。人类染色体1探针与叶猴常染色体上的三个区域、叶猴染色体4上的一个区域以及叶猴染色体5上的两个区域杂交。人类19号探针以相同模式与叶猴染色体4上的一个区域以及叶猴染色体5上的两个区域杂交，在那里它与人类染色体1探针交替出现。人类6号和16号探针均与两种叶猴常染色体15和18上的一个区域杂交。只有两条叶猴染色体（12和21）分别被特异性针对两条完整人类染色体（分别为14和15以及21和22）的探针标记。将人类涂染探针在这两种叶猴上的杂交模式与其他旧世界灵长类动物的数据进行比较表明，自人类与叶猴从共同祖先分化以来，可能发生了相互易位、罗伯逊易位以及倒位。这种比较还表明，亚洲疣猴在核型上彼此之间的关系比与非洲疣猴的关系更为密切。
