Tohno S, Tohno Y
Department of Anatomy, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan.
Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 1998 Dec;44(8):1253-63.
To elucidate the accumulation of calcium in the human arteries, the calcium contents of the thoracic aorta, coronary, common carotid, basilar, internal thoracic, axillary, radial, femoral, popliteal, and dorsalis pedis arteries, were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The calcium content began to increase in both the thoracic aorta and femoral artery around the age of 50 years (yrs), in the popliteal artery at the age of 60 yrs, in the coronary, basilar and dorsalis pedis arteries at the age of 70 yrs, and in the common carotid artery at the age of 80 yrs. In the same time, the calcium content did not increase significantly in the internal thoracic and radial arteries. Accumulation of calcium in human arteries was classified into two groups: The first is an age-related increase of calcium content in the arteries like the thoracic aorta, coronary, common carotid, basilar, axillary, femoral, popliteal and dorsalis pedis arteries. The second is non-age-related, such as the internal thoracic and radial arteries. To examine the localization of this calcium accumulation, the thoracic-aortic and femoral-arterial walls were separated into the three tunicae, intima, media and adventitia. In the case of the thoracic aorta, the accumulation of calcium and phosphorus occurred primarily in the tunica media of aorta, secondarily in the tunica intima. With regard to the femoral artery, the accumulation of calcium and phosphorus occurred only in the tunica media, only in the tunica intima, or in both the tunicae media and intima. Therefore, the manner of accumulation of calcium and phosphorus in the femoral-arterial wall was different from that in the aortic wall. Comparing the upper and lower limb arteries, the calcium content was found to be higher in the femoral, popliteal, and dorsalis pedis arteries of the lower limb than that of the axillary and radial arteries of the upper limb.
为了阐明人体动脉中钙的积累情况，采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法（ICP-AES）分析了胸主动脉、冠状动脉、颈总动脉、基底动脉、胸廓内动脉、腋动脉、桡动脉、股动脉、腘动脉和足背动脉的钙含量。胸主动脉和股动脉的钙含量在50岁左右开始增加，腘动脉在60岁时开始增加，冠状动脉、基底动脉和足背动脉在70岁时开始增加，颈总动脉在80岁时开始增加。与此同时，胸廓内动脉和桡动脉的钙含量没有显著增加。人体动脉中钙的积累分为两组：第一组是与年龄相关的动脉中钙含量增加，如胸主动脉、冠状动脉、颈总动脉、基底动脉、腋动脉、股动脉、腘动脉和足背动脉；第二组是非年龄相关的，如胸廓内动脉和桡动脉。为了研究这种钙积累的定位，将胸主动脉和股动脉壁分离为内膜、中膜和外膜三层。在胸主动脉中，钙和磷的积累主要发生在主动脉中膜，其次是内膜。对于股动脉，钙和磷的积累仅发生在中膜、仅发生在内膜或同时发生在中膜和内膜。因此，股动脉壁中钙和磷的积累方式与主动脉壁不同。比较上肢和下肢动脉，发现下肢的股动脉、腘动脉和足背动脉中的钙含量高于上肢的腋动脉和桡动脉。
