Kraft J M, Brainard D H
Department of Psychology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Jan 5;96(1):307-12. doi: 10.1073/pnas.96.1.307.
Color constancy is our ability to perceive constant surface colors despite changes in illumination. Although color constancy has been studied extensively, its mechanisms are still largely unknown. Three classic hypotheses are that constancy is mediated by local adaptation, by adaptation to the spatial mean of the image, or by adaptation to the most intense image region. We measure color constancy under nearly natural viewing conditions, by using a design that allows us to test these three hypotheses directly. By suitable stimulus manipulation, we are able to titrate the degree of constancy between 11% and 83%, indicating that we have achieved good laboratory control. Our results rule out all three classic hypotheses and thus suggest that there is more to constancy than can be easily explained by the action of simple visual mechanisms.
颜色恒常性是指我们在光照变化的情况下仍能感知到恒定表面颜色的能力。尽管对颜色恒常性已进行了广泛研究，但其机制仍大多未知。三个经典假说是，恒常性由局部适应、对图像空间均值的适应或对图像最亮区域的适应介导。我们通过一种能让我们直接检验这三个假说的设计，在近乎自然的观看条件下测量颜色恒常性。通过适当的刺激操纵，我们能够将恒常性程度调节在11%至83%之间，这表明我们已实现良好的实验室控制。我们的结果排除了所有这三个经典假说，因此表明恒常性所涉及的内容比简单视觉机制的作用所能轻易解释的要更多。
