Levine J A, Eberhardt N L, Jensen M D
Department of Medicine, Endocrine Research Unit, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, 200 First Street Southwest, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Science. 1999 Jan 8;283(5399):212-4. doi: 10.1126/science.283.5399.212.
Humans show considerable interindividual variation in susceptibility to weight gain in response to overeating. The physiological basis of this variation was investigated by measuring changes in energy storage and expenditure in 16 nonobese volunteers who were fed 1000 kilocalories per day in excess of weight-maintenance requirements for 8 weeks. Two-thirds of the increases in total daily energy expenditure was due to increased nonexercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT), which is associated with fidgeting, maintenance of posture, and other physical activities of daily life. Changes in NEAT accounted for the 10-fold differences in fat storage that occurred and directly predicted resistance to fat gain with overfeeding (correlation coefficient = 0.77, probability < 0.001). These results suggest that as humans overeat, activation of NEAT dissipates excess energy to preserve leanness and that failure to activate NEAT may result in ready fat gain.
人类在因暴饮暴食而导致体重增加的易感性方面存在显著的个体差异。通过测量16名非肥胖志愿者的能量储存和消耗变化，对这种差异的生理基础进行了研究。这些志愿者连续8周每天摄入比维持体重所需能量多1000千卡的食物。每日总能量消耗增加的三分之二是由于非运动活动产热（NEAT）增加，这与坐立不安、维持姿势以及日常生活中的其他身体活动有关。NEAT的变化解释了所发生的脂肪储存10倍的差异，并直接预测了过量进食时对脂肪增加的抵抗力（相关系数 = 0.77，概率 < 0.001）。这些结果表明，当人类暴饮暴食时，NEAT的激活会消耗多余的能量以保持苗条，而未能激活NEAT可能会导致轻易发胖。
