Zodpey S P, Shrikhande S N, Maldhure B R, Vasudeo N D, Kulkarni S W
Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Government Medical College, Nagpur, India.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 1998 Jun;29(2):285-8.
A hospital-based, pair matched, case control study was carried out to estimate the effectiveness of BCG vaccination in the prevention of childhood pulmonary tuberculosis. The study included 126 incident cases of pulmonary tuberculosis (diagnosed by WHO criteria) below/equal the age of 12 years. Each case was pair matched with one control for age, sex, socio-economic status. Controls were selected from subjects attending study hospital for conditions other than tuberculosis and leprosy. The significant protective association between BCG and childhood pulmonary tuberculosis was observed (OR = 0.39, 95% CI = 0.22, 0.68). The overall vaccine effectiveness was 61% (95% CI = 32%, 78%). BCG was nonsignificantly more effective in underfives, among males and in upper-middle socioeconomic strata. The overall prevented fraction was estimated to be 47.53% (95% CI = 21.41%, 67.25%). Results of this study thus demonstrated a moderate effectiveness of BCG vaccination in prevention of childhood pulmonary tuberculosis in a Central India population.
开展了一项基于医院的配对病例对照研究，以评估卡介苗接种在预防儿童肺结核方面的效果。该研究纳入了126例12岁及以下（按世界卫生组织标准诊断）的新发肺结核病例。每个病例按年龄、性别、社会经济地位与一名对照进行配对。对照从因非肺结核和麻风病以外的疾病到研究医院就诊的受试者中选取。观察到卡介苗与儿童肺结核之间存在显著的保护关联（比值比=0.39，95%置信区间=0.22，0.68）。总体疫苗效力为61%（95%置信区间=32%，78%）。卡介苗在5岁以下儿童、男性以及社会经济中上层人群中效果略好，但差异无统计学意义。总体预防率估计为47.53%（95%置信区间=21.41%，67.25%）。因此，本研究结果表明，在印度中部人群中，卡介苗接种在预防儿童肺结核方面具有中等效果。
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