Zodpey S P, Shrikhande S N, Salodkar A D, Maldhure B R, Kulkarni S W
Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Government Medical College, Nagpur, India.
Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis. 1998 Sep;66(3):309-15.
A hospital-based, pair-matched, casecontrol study was carried out at Government Medical College Hospital in Nagpur in central India to estimate the effectiveness of BCG vaccination in the prevention of leprosy. The study included 314 incidence cases of leprosy [diagnosed by World Health Organization (WHO) criteria] below the age of 32 years. Each case was pair matched with one control for age, sex and socioeconomic status. Controls were selected from subjects attending this hospital for conditions other than tuberculosis and leprosy. A significant protective association between BCG and leprosy was observed (OR 0.29, 95% CI 0.21-0.41). The vaccine effectiveness (VE) was estimated to be 71% (95% CI 59-79). The BCG effectiveness against multibacillary and paucibacillary leprosy was 79% (95% CI 60-89) and 67% (95% CI 45-78), respectively. It was more effective during the first decade of life (VE 74%; 95% CI 38-90), among females (VE 82%; 95% CI 64-90), and in the lower socioeconomic strata (VE 75%; 95% CI 32-92). The prevented fraction was calculated to be 51% (95% CI 38-62). In conclusion, this study has identified a beneficial role of BCG vaccination in the prevention of leprosy in central India.
在印度中部那格浦尔的政府医学院医院开展了一项基于医院的配对病例对照研究，以评估卡介苗接种在预防麻风病方面的效果。该研究纳入了314例32岁以下的麻风病发病病例[根据世界卫生组织（WHO）标准诊断]。每个病例按照年龄、性别和社会经济地位与一名对照进行配对。对照从因非结核病和麻风病以外的疾病到该医院就诊的人群中选取。观察到卡介苗与麻风病之间存在显著的保护关联（比值比0.29，95%置信区间0.21 - 0.41）。疫苗效力（VE）估计为71%（95%置信区间59 - 79）。卡介苗对多菌型和少菌型麻风病的效力分别为79%（95%置信区间60 - 89）和67%（95%置信区间45 - 78）。在生命的第一个十年期间（VE 74%；95%置信区间38 - 90）、女性中（VE 82%；95%置信区间64 - 90）以及社会经济地位较低阶层中（VE 75%；95%置信区间32 - 92），卡介苗更为有效。计算得出预防率为51%（95%置信区间38 - 62）。总之，本研究确定了卡介苗接种在印度中部预防麻风病方面的有益作用。
