Washio M
Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Kyushu University.
Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi. 1998 Oct;45(10):960-7.
Hemodialysis patients are one of the high risk groups for blood-borne viral infection due to their need of blood transfusions for renal anemia. In addition, the hemodialysis procedure itself is a risk factor for blood-borne viral infection. Therefore, prevention of blood-borne infection in hemodialysis units is highly important. I would like to introduce our previous studies on hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus and human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 infection in hemodialysis units in Fukuoka, Japan. In these studies, both anti-HCV positive rates and anti-HTLV 1 positive rates were significantly higher in patients having received blood transfusion than those not having received, and increased with the duration of hemodialysis therapy. In contrast, the positive rate of HBs-antigen did not differ with experiencing or not experiencing blood transfusion, nor did it increase with the duration of hemodialysis therapy. These findings suggest that infectious control of hepatitis B virus such as isolation of carriers and screening of blood donors may be effective for the prevention of blood-borne viral infection among hemodialysis patients.
由于肾性贫血需要输血，血液透析患者是血源性病毒感染的高危群体之一。此外，血液透析过程本身就是血源性病毒感染的一个危险因素。因此，预防血液透析单位的血源性感染非常重要。我想介绍我们之前关于日本福冈血液透析单位乙型肝炎病毒、丙型肝炎病毒和1型人类嗜T淋巴细胞病毒感染的研究。在这些研究中，接受输血的患者抗-HCV阳性率和抗-HTLV 1阳性率均显著高于未接受输血的患者，且随着血液透析治疗时间的延长而增加。相比之下，HBs抗原阳性率在是否经历输血方面没有差异，也没有随着血液透析治疗时间的延长而增加。这些发现表明，对乙型肝炎病毒的感染控制，如携带者隔离和献血者筛查，可能对预防血液透析患者的血源性病毒感染有效。
