Ringel E
Suicide Life Threat Behav. 1976 Fall;6(3):131-49.
The Presuicidal Syndrome, first described in 1958, relates to that specific psychic state of mind that leads to suicidal acts. It is an alarm signal indicating a tendency to suicide. The Presuicidal Syndrome has three principal components: constriction; inhibited aggression turned toward the self; and suicidal fantasies. The clinical details of these components are explicated. It is proposed that the Presuicidal Syndrome provides a basis for better judgment of the danger of suicide, makes more focused suicide prevention possible, and is an aid in the disclosure of those factors in society that often lead to suicide.
自杀前综合征于1958年首次被描述，它与导致自杀行为的特定心理状态相关。它是一个表明自杀倾向的警示信号。自杀前综合征有三个主要成分：收缩；转向自身的受抑制攻击性；以及自杀幻想。对这些成分的临床细节进行了阐述。有人提出，自杀前综合征为更好地判断自杀危险提供了基础，使更有针对性的自杀预防成为可能，并且有助于揭示社会中那些常常导致自杀的因素。
