Horowitz J M, Bhatti E, Devi B G, Torres G
Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Buffalo, 14260, USA.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1999 Feb;62(2):329-37. doi: 10.1016/s0091-3057(98)00160-9.
Long-Evans and Sprague-Dawley rats show differential behavioral responses to cocaethylene, a metabolite derived from the simultaneous ingestion of ethanol and cocaine. Such differences may also be manifested when these outbred strains are exposed to ethanol and cocaine. To test this hypothesis, both strains were fed an ethanol-diet (8.7% v/v) in conjunction with cocaine (15 mg/kg) injections for 15 days. The following parameters were evaluated: (a) ethanol consumption, (b) cocaine-induced behavioral activity, (c) blood ethanol levels, (d) blood, liver, or brain cocaine and cocaethylene levels, and (e) liver catalase and esterase activity. We found that Long-Evans rats drank significantly more of the ethanol diet relative to the Sprague-Dawley line during the first few days of the test session. This rat phenotype also differed significantly from the Sprague-Dawley line in terms of behavioral activity after cocaine administration. Blood ethanol levels did not differ between strains. Similarly, we failed to detect strain-dependent differences in blood, liver, or brain cocaine levels as measured by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Cocaethylene levels, however, were higher in blood and brain of Long-Evans relative to Sprague-Dawley cohorts. Although the ethanol-cocaine regimen produced a marked suppression of catalase and esterase activity compared with control-fed rats, this suppression was roughly equivalent in both rat phenotypes. These data are discussed in the context of genotypic background and vulnerability to polysubstance abuse.
长 Evans 大鼠和斯普拉格-道利大鼠对可口乙酮（一种由同时摄入乙醇和可卡因产生的代谢物）表现出不同的行为反应。当这些远交系品系暴露于乙醇和可卡因时，这种差异也可能会显现出来。为了验证这一假设，两种品系的大鼠均被喂食含乙醇的饲料（8.7% v/v）并同时注射可卡因（15 mg/kg），持续15天。评估了以下参数：（a）乙醇摄入量；（b）可卡因诱导的行为活动；（c）血液乙醇水平；（d）血液、肝脏或大脑中的可卡因和可口乙酮水平；以及（e）肝脏过氧化氢酶和酯酶活性。我们发现，在测试期的前几天，相对于斯普拉格-道利品系，长 Evans 大鼠饮用的乙醇饲料显著更多。在给予可卡因后的行为活动方面，这种大鼠表型也与斯普拉格-道利品系有显著差异。各品系之间的血液乙醇水平没有差异。同样，通过气相色谱/质谱法测量，我们未能检测到各品系在血液、肝脏或大脑可卡因水平上的依赖性差异。然而，相对于斯普拉格-道利品系组，长 Evans 大鼠血液和大脑中的可口乙酮水平更高。尽管与喂食对照饲料的大鼠相比，乙醇-可卡因方案使过氧化氢酶和酯酶活性受到显著抑制，但这种抑制在两种大鼠表型中大致相当。这些数据将在基因型背景和对多物质滥用的易感性背景下进行讨论。
