MacLean N F, Roach M R
Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.
Heart Vessels. 1998;13(2):95-101. doi: 10.1007/BF01744592.
Lumen area, ellipticity, and wall thickness were measured in the aortoiliac bifurcations obtained at autopsy from 14 patients aged between 1 day and 76 years. The method involved freezing pressure-fixed, stained bifurcations on the stage of a refrigerated microtome and then looking at the block face while sections were removed. Area change was normalized over segment length to produce a value of either taper (narrowing, in mm2/mm), or flare (expansion). The aortoiliac bifurcations were divided into three regions based on the area changes: an apical region corresponding to the bifurcation apex (taper = 2.96 +/- 0.80 mm2/mm), a preapical region (flare = 3.58 +/- 0.87 mm2/mm), and the postapical region (flare = 0.82 +/- 0.80 mm2/mm). Preapical lumen ellipticity showed that the anterio-posterior diameter was always less than the lateral diameter, while the degree of ellipticity increased with age. Average circumferential wall thickness, assessed in polar coordinates, decreased between 0 degree (right lateral) and 120 degrees, while a significant increase in wall thickness was present between 120 degrees and 200 degrees. The most striking difference was found in the 1-day-old, which was very thin posteriorly. This detailed geometric analysis of the aortoiliac bifurcation suggests that taper, flare, and variations in both circumferential and longitudinal wall thickness need to be considered when trying to correlate physical factors in the aorta with the precise location of atherosclerotic lesions and wall remodeling.
对14例年龄在1天至76岁之间的患者尸检获得的主髂动脉分叉处进行管腔面积、椭圆率和壁厚测量。该方法包括将经压力固定、染色的分叉处冷冻在冷冻切片机的载物台上，然后在切片时观察组织块表面。面积变化通过节段长度进行标准化，以得出锥度值（变窄，单位为mm2/mm）或扩张度值（扩张）。根据面积变化，将主髂动脉分叉处分为三个区域：对应于分叉顶点的顶端区域（锥度=2.96±0.80mm2/mm）、顶端前区域（扩张度=3.58±0.87mm2/mm）和顶端后区域（扩张度=0.82±0.80mm2/mm）。顶端前管腔椭圆率显示前后直径总是小于左右直径，且椭圆率程度随年龄增加。以极坐标评估的平均圆周壁厚在0度（右侧）至120度之间减小，而在120度至200度之间壁厚显著增加。在1天大的婴儿中发现了最显著的差异，其后壁非常薄。对主髂动脉分叉处的这种详细几何分析表明，在试图将主动脉中的物理因素与动脉粥样硬化病变的精确位置和血管壁重塑相关联时，需要考虑锥度、扩张度以及圆周和纵向壁厚的变化。
